基于地理网格的陕西省农业水土资源分区研究

准确评价不同区域农业水土资源的耦合利用程度,有助于提升农业水土资源的现实生产力。基于农业水土资源的自然禀赋和人为利用情况建立嵌套分区指标体系,运用地理网格、主成分分析以及聚类分析方法,对陕西省109个县域的农业水土资源利用现状进行了调查和区划。结果表明:陕西省农业水土资源可被划分为5个一级区和17个亚区; 一级分区总体差异明显; Ⅰ区水热充足,水资源利用情况最好,耕地利用情况中等; Ⅱ区水热条件良好,耕地利用情况很好; Ⅲ区水热条件一般,水资源利用情况良好,耕地利用情况中等; Ⅳ区气候湿润,水资源利用情况很好,但是耕地利用较不充分; Ⅴ区低温干燥,水资源较短缺,耕地利用不佳,耕地资源紧张。亚区图斑多集中在陕西中部地区。研究结果明晰了陕西省农业水资源和土地资源的匹配程度和开发利用潜力,可为有效地开发和利用水土资源提供研究基础。

Geogrid-Based Framework of Agricultural Zoning for Planning and Management of Water and Land Resources in Shaanxi Province

Acurately elavuating the utilization situation of the usually coupled agricultural water and land resources is very helpful for improving the productivity of agricultural water and land resources in related areas. We provide a geogrid-based framework of agricultural zoning in 109 counties of Shaanxi Province throught using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results show that the geogrid-based zoning method has a good applicability in agricultural zoning, through which the agricultural zones in Shaanxi Province can be divided into five regions and 17 subregions based on data of 36 903 geogrids. The five regions show distinct differences. Region Ⅰ possesses sufficient hydrothermal resources, where the water resource utilization is the best and the land resource utilization is moderate. Region Ⅱ possesses good hydrothermal resources, and the land resource utilization is also good. Region Ⅲ possesses general hydrothermal resources, where the water resource utilization is good and the land resource utilization is moderate. Region Ⅳ possesses a moist climate, where the water resource utilization is good and the land resource utilization is relatively poor. Region Ⅴ possesses a arid climate with relatively low temperature, where the water and land resources are insufficient and the land resource utilization is the poorest. The polygons of subregions generally distribute in the middle area of Shaanxi Province. The results of zoning reflect the current development and utilization of agricultural water and land resources in related regions of Shaanxi Province, and clarify the degree of match between agricultural water and land resources and their utilization potential in agriculture, which lay the foundation of effective utilization of water and land resources in agricultural areas in this province.