豫南丘陵山区农村居民点用地分布影响因素及时空异质性分析

为探究城镇化进程中农村居民点格局演变特征及其影响因素,以豫南丘陵山区光山县为例,采用空间自相关分析和局部线性地理加权回归模型(LLGWR)分析了农村居民点用地分布的集聚特征及其影响因素的时空异质性。结果显示:光山县农村居民点主要集聚于县域的中北部,其影响因素存在着显著的时间和空间非平稳性,在不同区位对农村居民点分布的作用强度不同。1985年农村居民点分布的影响因素包括地理地貌因素和距离交通条件,分别为海拔高度、距最近国道、省道、水系距离和距最近县城距离。到了2015年,地理地貌因素的影响作用有所减弱,除海拔高度、距最近国道、省道距离外,农村居民点分布影响因素还包括城镇化率和农户密度。总体而言,适宜的海拔高度、通达的道路交通、较高的城镇化率和人口密度对农村居民点分布具有促进作用。

Factors Affecting Rural Settlements Distribution and Their Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity in Hilly Region of Southern Henan Province

In order to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors on rural settlements in hilly region of southern Henan Province in the process of urbanization, spatial autocorrelation analysis and local linear geographically weighted regression were used to analyze aggregation characteristics of the rural settlements and their driving factors. The results show that rural settlements of Guangshan were aggregated in north and central of the county, and its affecting factors show strongly non-stationary across spatiotemporal scales; in different regions, the strength and intensity of the effects were different; in year of 1985, the distribution of rural settlements was affected by geographical and geomorphic factors, and traffic factors which included altitude, distance to nearest river, distance to nearest county, distance to nearest national road and distance to nearest provincial road; by year of 2015, the strengthen of geographical and geomorphic factors effect on rural settlements distribution reduced; meanwhile, beside previous factors(i. e. altitude, distance to nearest national road and distance to nearest provincial road), other new factors i. e. rate of urbanization and density of rural households had shown significantly effects on density of the settlements. Suitable altitude, convenience roads, high rate of urbanization and density of rural population can increase the density of rural settlements.