施用常用有机肥对梅州柚品质及土壤性质的影响

在梅州柚主产区不同土壤类型上选择沙田柚生产上常用4种有机肥(花生麸、微生物有机肥、大豆有机肥和鸡粪有机肥),以化肥单施为对照,探讨化肥与有机肥在氮磷钾施用总量相等下,对沙田柚果实品质、土壤理化性质、耐贮性等的影响。结果显示,红壤土试验小区施用花生麸、微生物有机肥以及鸡粪有机肥虽然没有提高可溶性固形物的含量,但是降低了可滴定酸的含量,使得固酸比升高,沙田柚果肉口感纯甜无酸,风味更佳。黄壤土小区施用花生麸、微生物有机肥以及大豆有机肥对可溶性固形物和维生素c的含量具有显著提高作用。在两种土壤类型上进行的各配施处理对土壤性质以及柚果不同贮藏期果实品质未表现出明显影响,除改善土壤pH外,配施不同肥料对土壤性质以及贮藏期间果实品质的影响均未表现出某种一致或明显的规律。因此,在沙田柚生产中实行化肥和有机肥合理配施效果好,以等量氮配施花生麸和微生物有机肥效果较好。

Effect of application of different fertilizers on Meizhou pomelo

In meizhou pomelo producing different soil types on the select pomelo production on four kinds of commonly used organic fertilizer (peanut bran, microbial organic fertilizer, organic manure and chicken manure soybean organic fertilizer), fertilizer fertilization for comparison, chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer in the NPK fertilization of the same amount, the pomelo fruit quality, soil properties, water resistance, etc. The results showed that the application of peanut bran, microbial organic fertilizer and chicken manure organic fertilizer in the red loam test area did not improve the content of soluble solid, but reduced the content of titratable acid, which increased the solid-acid ratio. The taste of Shatian pomelo flesh was pure sweet without acid, and the flavor was better. The application of peanut bran, microbial organic fertilizer and soybean organic fertilizer could significantly increase the content of soluble solids and vitamin c in yellow loam plots. There was no obvious effect on soil properties and fruit quality of pomelo fruits during different storage periods when combined application of different fertilizers on the two soil types. Except for improving soil pH, the effects of combined application of different fertilizers on soil properties and fruit quality during storage period did not show some consistent or obvious rules. The effect of applying chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer reasonably in Shatian pomelo production is good, and the effect of applying peanut bran and microbial organic fertilizer with the same amount of nitrogen is better.