喀斯特地区农村居民点时空演变格局及影响因素——以平果市为例

为揭示喀斯特地区农村居民点的时空演变特征及主导因素,基于景观格局指数方法分析了1989—2017年广西百色平果市农村居民点景观格局变化,并分别从自然、区位出发应用地理加权回归模型探究了影响农村居民点演变的主导因素。结果表明:(1)1989—2017年平果市农村居民点规模增长显著,居民点面积、数量的增长均具有阶段性特征;(2)喀斯特村与非喀斯特村在规模、分布、形态上均有差异,喀斯特村农村居民点斑块更破碎、更复杂,规模和聚集程度较高;(3)高程、坡度对研究区域农村居民点影响最为显著。综上,喀斯特村农村居民点规模增长明显、聚集程度增强,时空演变格局受自然地理因素影响较大; 而对于非喀斯特村而言,河流、道路等因素对农村居民点时空演变的影响程度较大。

Spatiotemporal Evolution Pattern and Influencing Factors of Rural Settlements in Karst Areas

In order to reveal the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of rural settlements in karst areas, based on the landscape pattern index method, the change of landscape pattern of rural settlements in Pingguo City and Baise Pingguo City, Guangxi Province during 1989—2017 was analyzed, and the dominant factors affecting the evolution of rural settlements were explored by using geographically weighted regression model from natural and location factors respectively. The results thow that:(1)the scale of rural settlements in Pingguo increased significantly from 1989 to 2017, and the area and quantity of rural settlements increased by stages;(2)karst villages were different from non-Karst villages in terms of size, distribution and morphology; karst villages were more fragmented, more complex and had higher scale and aggregation degree;(3)elevation and slope hadthe most significant influence on rural settlements in the study area. The scale of rural settlements in karst villages increased obviously, and the degree of aggregation was enhanced. The spatial and temporal evolution pattern was greatly affected by natural geographical factors. For the non-karst villages, river, road and other factors had the greater impact on the spatiotemporal evolution of rural settlements.