基于生态安全格局的环鄱阳湖城市群生态修复关键区域识别及修复策略

为维护生态系统的整体平衡及实现受损生态系统的可持续发展，以环鄱阳湖城市群为例，通过生态服务功能重要性和生态敏感性评价确定生态源地，运用最小累积阻力模型和电路理论提取生态廊道，基于“点—线—网”模式构建生态安全格局，通过识别网中的生态“夹点”、生态障碍点等，确定了环鄱阳湖城市群生态修复关键区域。结果表明：(1)环鄱阳湖城市群生态源地面积共1.24×10⁴km²,主要分布在西部九岭山区、东南部武夷山区以及东北部怀玉山区等区域，地类以林地为主，生态廊道共364条，总长7 640.24 km,呈现中部稀疏、四周密集的空间特征；(2)基于生态安全格局构建，识别环鄱阳湖城市群生态保护修复关键区域包括31处生态“夹点”区域、23处生态障碍点区域，破碎空间面积6 053.39 km²。综上，源地和廊道的分布呈现东西部密集，中部稀疏的特征，借助生态安全格局和电路理论识别的“夹点”与障碍点更符合物种运动的真实规律，可见格局构建能够有效地识别生态修复关键区域。

Identification and Restoration Strategy of Key Areas of Ecological Restoration in Urban Agglomeration Around Poyang Lake Based on Ecological Security Pattern

In order to maintain the overall balance of the ecosystem and realize the sustainable development of the damaged ecosystem, the urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake was taken as an example, the ecological source area was determined by evaluating the importance of ecological services and ecological sensitivity, the ecological corridor was extracted by using the minimum cumulative resistance model and circuit theory, and the ecological security pattern was constructed based on the ‘point-line-network' model. The key areas of ecological restoration in urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake were determined by identifying ecological ‘pinch points' and ecological obstacle points in the network. The results show that:(1)the ecological source area of Poyang Lake urban agglomeration covered a total area of 1.24×10⁴km², mainly distributed in Jiuling Mountain area in the west, Wuyi Mountain area in the southeast and Huaiyu Mountain area in the northeast; the land type was mainly woodland; there were 364 ecological corridors with a total length of 7 640.24 km, showing the spatial characteristics of sparse in the middle and dense around;(2)based on the ecological security pattern, the key areas for ecological protection and restoration of urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake were identified as follows: 31 ecological ‘pinch point' areas, 23 ecological obstacle point areas, with a broken space area of 6 053.39 km². To sum up, the distribution of source sites and corridors is characterized by dense eastern and western parts and sparseness in the middle. The ‘pinch points' and obstacle points identified by the ecological security pattern and circuit theory are more in line with the real patterns of species movement. It can be seen that the pattern construction can effectively identify key areas for ecological restoration.