红掌种质资源重要观赏性状遗传多样性分析

为了解红掌种质资源重要观赏性状遗传多样性,以91份红掌种质作为试验材料,对17个重要观赏性状进行鉴定,应用相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法分析其遗传多样性。结果表明：供试红掌资源各性状的变异系数为16.27%~66.20%,遗传多样性指数为1.8856~2.0886,说明其具有较高的形态多样性,其中右耳心距变异最大,肉穗花序顶端粗变异最小。相关性分析发现,各观赏性状间存在着较为紧密的正向联系,大部分性状间呈显著或极显著正相关。通过主成分分析,确定的3个主要成分,其累计贡献率为82.991%,由决定植株大小、佛焰苞大小及肉穗花序粗度的指标组成,其中前两个特征对红掌种质多样性影响较大。依据植株大小、佛焰苞大小及肉穗花序粗度进行聚类分析,可将91份红掌种质分为6个类群,各类群特征明显,其中第Ⅵ类群多个性状表现独特,值得特别注意。本研究通过分析红掌种质资源重要观赏性状变异情况,了解其遗传多样性,为红掌遗传改良、种质创新和应用提供理论依据。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Important Ornamental Characters in Germplasm Resources of Anthurium andreanum

In order to understand the genetic diversity of important ornamental traits in the germplasm resources of Anthurium andreanum, 91 germplasm samples were used as the test materials to identify 17 important ornamental traits. The results showed that the variation coefficient of each character of the tested resources ranged from 16.27% to 66.20%, and the genetic diversity index ranged from 1.8856 to 2.0886, indicating that it had higher morphological diversity, among which the right auricular distance variation was the largest and the coarse variation at the top of the inflorescence was the smallest. The correlation analysis showed that there was a close positive correlation among the ornamental traits, and most of the traits showed significant or extremely significant positive correlation. Through principal component analysis, the cumulative contribution rate of the three main components was 82.991%, which was composed of indicators determining plant size, bud size and inflorescence thickness, among which the first two characteristics had a great influence on the diversity of germplasm. According to the size of plants, the size of floriferous bracts and the thickness of inflorescence, the 91 germplasm could be divided into 6 groups, among them, the characteristics of group VI were unique and deserve special attention. This study woul lay a theoretical basis for genetic improvement, germplasm innovation and application of A. andreanum.