罗汉果总皂苷对高糖高脂饲料联合链脲佐菌素致2型糖尿病大鼠的作用

试验旨在研究罗汉果总皂苷改善高糖高脂饲料联合链脲佐菌素致2型糖尿病大鼠的作用，以高糖高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型，造模成功大鼠灌胃给予罗汉果总皂苷（100、200、400 mg/kg）或二甲双胍（268 mg/kg），每天1次，连续给药4周后，记录"三多一少"指标（24 h内尿量、饮水量和采食量，体重）；检测生化指标，分析空腹血糖值（FBG）、血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、胰岛素（INS）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Cr）水平，采用苏木素-伊红染色法（HE）观察胰腺的病理学改变。与模型组比较，罗汉果总皂苷各剂量组及二甲双胍组均可显著或极显著降低采食量、饮水量、尿量，血液指标FBG、INS、MDA、TC、TG、BUN和Cr水平、以及AST和ALT活性（P<0.05；P<0.01），而CAT、SOD活性和HDL-C水平显著或极显著升高（P<0.05；P<0.01）；胰腺组织中，胰腺细胞数目明显增多，胰腺病理性损伤明显减轻。罗汉果总皂苷及二甲双胍均具有明显改善糖代谢紊乱的作用，同时可明显减轻胰岛素抵抗，增强机体抗氧化应激的能力和改善肝肾功能。

Effects of Momordica grosvenori Saponins on Type 2 Diabetes Rats Induced by High-sucrose/High-fat Diet and Streptozotocin

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of Momordica grosvenori saponins on improving the effect of high-sucrose/high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes in rats.The type 2 diabetes rat model was established with a high-sucrose and high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin.Successfully modeled rats were given the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori (100,200,400 mg/kg) or metformin (268 mg/kg) by gavage,once a day for 4 weeks.Recording the "three more and one less"index (24 h internal urine output,water intake and feed intake,body weight);Detecting of biochemical indicators,analysis of fasting blood glucose (FBG),serum total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),insulin (INS),catalase (CAT),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),alanine aminotransferase (AST),aspartate aminotransferase (ALT),blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels.Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was used to observe the pathological changes of the pancreas.Compared with the model group,the feed intake,water intake,urine output,blood indicators FBG,INS,MDA,TC,TG,BUN and Cr levels,AST and ALT activities were significantly or extremely significantly decreased in the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori each dose group and metformin group (P<0.05;P<0.01),while CAT,SOD activities and HDL-C level were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).In pancreatic tissue,the number of pancreatic cells was increased significantly,and the pathological damage of the pancreas was significantly reduced. Momordica grosvenori saponins and metformin had obvious effects on improving glucose metabolism disorders,and at the same time could significantly reduce insulin resistance,enhance the body’s ability to resist oxidative stress and improve liver and kidney functions.