开采沉陷区不同复垦技术下复垦土壤压实的空间变化

土壤的压实往往造成土壤结构的破坏和土壤的退化。试验对开采沉陷区采用不同复垦技术的复垦土壤进行土壤压实的测定,分析结果表明,在垂直方向上土壤的压实呈现一定的变化规律。泥浆泵复垦的田块在土壤深度5~10 cm处,平均压实度最大,在30 cm处,压实度最小,是由于含水的饱和状态泥浆难以排泄水分引起。铲运机复垦的田块和未复垦的田块,压实度随着深度的增加,压实度逐渐增加。总体上,铲运机复垦田块的平均压实度最大,其次为未复垦田块,泥浆泵复垦田块最小,通过横向对比,铲运机与未复垦田块的变化类似,压实度均呈一定范围的剧烈波动,而泥浆泵复垦田块压实度变化平缓,这与泥浆有一定的流动性有关。因此,泥浆泵复垦对土壤的破坏影响更为严重,技术存在一定的缺陷,有待进一步改进。

Reclamation Soil Compaction Spatial Variation Law about Different Reclamation Technologies in Subsidence Area

Soil compaction often makes soil structure destroying and soil degrading.In this experiment,reclamation soil compaction by different reclamation technologies is measured in subsidence area.The analytical results show that soil compaction appears regular change in vertical.The mean soil compaction of hydraulic dredge bump reclamation is maximum in 5～10 cm deep and minimum in 30 cm deep.It is because slurry which contents saturated water is difficult to evacuate.The soil compaction of towed scraper reclamation and un-reclamation land gradually enhances when the depth increases.As a whole,the mean soil compaction of towed scraper reclamation is the biggest,and then un-reclamation land is second and hydraulic dredge bump reclamation is the smallest.Compared with crosswise transverse,the vary of towed scraper reclamation and un-reclamation land is similar,the soil compaction fluctuates violently in a certain extension and hydraulic dredge bump reclamation is smoothed.This is because slurry possesses fluidity.Therefore,hydraulic dredge bump reclamation destroys the soil more serious and the technique exists defect,which needs further improve.