杂交稻生育后期叶片衰老频度及其关联因素研究

为了探讨叶片衰老表现型及其影响的相关因素,为水稻抗早衰栽培技术及抗早衰新品种选育提供依据,选用了18个杂交稻组合,抽穗后常规水分和限水管理,探讨供试组合叶面积、叶干重、叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、叶片N含量等性状衰减类型和衰老频度.结果表明,供试组合叶面积、叶干重、叶片N含量、叶绿素含量表现3种衰减类型,强衰减型组合(A型)、次强衰减型组合(B型)和慢衰减型组合(C型).A型和C型组合不同年份叶衰老性状表现较稳定,B型组合在不同年份的某些性状表现衰减加剧或减缓,衰减变化程度不同组合表现不尽相同.叶绿素衰减与叶片N素和根系伤流的衰减极显著正相关.叶片N含量的衰减、叶片的衰老频度与根系伤流下降率和茎鞘叶物质输出率极显著正相关.认为衰老频度涵盖灌浆结实期单位时间内高效叶面积、叶干重、叶绿素含量3个指标的下降率,可作为评估叶片早衰程度的指标;杂交稻后期叶片衰老存在不同类型,叶片的衰老频度受根系活力的衰减和源器官物质转运率的影响.

A Study on the Leaf Senescence Type and Its Influencing Factors in Hybrid Rice during Grain Filling Stage

The pattern and impacting factors of leaf senescence were studied to provide the reference for the planting technology and breeding to resist premature senescence in rice. Eighteen of hybrid rice combinations were used. The limited and conventional irrigantion managements were compared after the heading of rice. The decline percentage of leaf area,dry weight,N content,and chlorophyl content (SPAD value) were determined so as to appoach to leaf senescence and senescent frequency. There were three types of de...