北京东灵山山地景观格局梯度变化研究

山地景观结构特征决定着景观的功能和生态过程,山地景观结构特征的变化山地景观研究的重要课题。本文以北京东灵山地区为研究点,借助GIS构建了1984年、1994年、2002年3个时间段景观动态序列,结果表明:1)近18年来,东灵山地区景观总体结构呈现破碎化趋势;2)各景观类型受人类活动影响程度不同,农业耕作和采伐后,林地和草地转变为农田和灌丛;3)村庄和农田的斑块小型化为主,边缘复杂程度较高,灌丛、林地和草地仍以大型斑块为主,边缘复杂程度较低。

Research on Mountainous Landscape Pattern Gradient Changes in Beijing Donglingshan Area

The mountainous landscape structures display the landscape functions and ecological processes.The changes of landscape structures are always an important content of mountain landscape research.In this paper,Beijing Donglingshan area was taken as the strdy site.Study plots were set in the area.By virtue of GIS,landscape dynamic list was made for the years of 1984,1994 and 2002.Results showed:1)during the recent 18 years,landscape structures represented a trend of fragmentation;2)The effects of human activities on landscape types were different.Agricultural cultivation and logging made forest and grassland become farmland and shrubs;3)Villages and farmlands were made up of small patches and possessed higher complex edges.Shrubs,forests and grasslands were composed of big patches and possessed lower complex edges.