道路边坡土壤水分空间和季节变异性分析

采用野外定位观测法,对柽柳、胡杨、骆驼刺和沙拐枣林地土壤水分状况进行监测,并通过实测数据对农田区和荒漠区0—100cm土层土壤水分特征曲线进行拟合。结果表明,各林地0—250cm土层土壤含水量均随深度增加逐渐增大,生长季内9月和10月份土壤表层含水量明显大于其它月份。一次强降雨对土壤表层含水量有所补给,对深层土壤影响较小。总体而言,土壤蓄水量(0—250cm)在月季间差异不大,均维持在120—140mm之间,但各林地有所差异,表现为:胡杨>柽柳>骆驼刺/沙拐枣。对整个生长季而言,4种植物蒸散强度呈现出:胡杨>沙拐枣>柽柳>骆驼刺,且6月份蒸散强度最大。农田区和荒漠区0—100cm土壤含水量与土壤基质势间幂函数拟合效果好。研究成果可为该区今后植被保育及生态用水提供理论参考。

Spatial and Seasonal Variability of Soil Water in Road Slopes

The research objects of this study are the railway slopes which were treated with pressure spraying in the construction of Suiming-Chongqing railway.The variations of soil water of the road-slopes were monitored in different slope positions,various slope aspects during four seas-ons.The results show that soil water content peaked at the upper slope position in October,as high as 18.3%.For the other three seasons, the water contents were significant higher at the foot slope than at the upper and middle slopes.No significant difference of soil water were found among four slope aspects in January and October,while in April and July,soil water contents on shady slopes were significant higher than those on the sunny slopes.Soil water contents peaked in October on all the three slope positions.On all four slope aspects,soil water contents in January and October were significantly higher than those in April and July.Significant relationships were identified between soil moisture contents of different slope positions,slope aspects and seasons,except that soil moisture on foot slopes were affected by season changes only.All relationships were positive except between seasonal variations and slope aspects.Seasonal variations of soil moisture were related closely with slope positions rather than with slope aspects.