近自然森林经营理论在龙里林场国家储备林改培中的应用

指出了龙里林场现有国家储备林中以马尾松人工林为主,树种结构单纯、层次结构简单、生态效益差、生态系统脆弱,容易发生雪压、风倒、火灾,松毛虫危害严重。为了改善林场马尾松人工林的健康状况,提高物种多样性和生态稳定性,优化林分的树种、水平、垂直结构,进一步提高林分质量,模仿马尾松自然演替规律,通过择伐,在林下补植了乡土珍贵树种,以把马尾松人工林尽可能地改造为接近自然状态的异龄针阔混交林,结果表明:近自然改造具有如下优点:①确保了持续的主林层郁闭,实现了森林的永续利用。②将培育珍贵树种与马尾松大径材有机结合起来,兼顾了森林的经济、生态、社会效益。③有利于提高林分质量,保证了森林的健康可持续发展。

Near-Natural Forest Management Theory Application in theCultivation of National Reserve Forest in Longli Forest Farm

The existing national reserve forest in Longli forests is mainly artificial forest of Pinusmassantana.The tree species structure is simple;the hierarchy is simple;the ecological benefit is poor;the ecosystem is fragile;snow pressure,wind fall,fire,and pine caterpillar damage are serious.In order to improve the health status of Pinusmassantana,increase species diversity and ecological stability,optimize the tree species,horizontal and vertical structure of the forest stand,and further improve the quality of the forest stand,this paper imitates the natural succession law of Pinusmassantana through logging.Native precious tree species are replanted under the forests and the Pinusmassantana are transformed into a mixed forest of coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests of different ages as close to the natural state as possible.The near-natural transformation has the following advantages:①It ensures the continuous canopy closure of the main forest layer,which achieves sustainable use of the forest.②The cultivation of precious tree species and Pinusmassantana are organically combined with the economic,ecological and social benefits of forests.③It is conducive to improving the quality of forest points and ensuring the healthy and sustainable development of forests.