野牛草草坪除草剂安全施用策略

野牛草（Bouteloua dactyloides（Nutt.） Columbus.）是我国北方地区广为应用的一种低养护暖季型草坪草，然而杂草的入侵和竞争会导致其草坪质量下降、建植延迟甚至失败。化学防治是常用的杂草防治手段，在有效防治杂草的同时，如何选择对野牛草生长影响较小的除草剂有待探讨。本文结合国内外相关研究报道对野牛草草坪不同建植时期使用较为安全的除草剂进行了总结。研究表明：成熟期的野牛草草坪对常用草坪除草剂耐受性较强，其中建植芽前比较安全的除草剂有二氯喹啉酸、扑灭津、氰草津、嘧草硫醚、咪唑乙烟酸、甲磺隆、甲磺草胺、硝磺草酮和胺唑草酮，苗期芽后比较安全的除草剂有唑草酮、二氯喹啉酸、二氯吡啶酸、氟硫草定、甲磺隆、玉嘧磺隆、三氟啶磺隆、甲磺草胺、三氯吡氧乙酸、甲酰胺磺隆、西玛津、硝磺草酮和胺唑草酮。本综述为我国合理推广和应用除草剂控制野牛草杂草的问题提供了一定的指导和参考。

Safe Application of Herbicides in Buffalograss

Buffalograss (Bouteloua dactyloides(Nutt.) Columbus.)is a low-maintenance warm-season turfgrass that is widely used in Northern China, whereas the problems of weeds invasion and competition causes its turf quality decline and establishment delay or even failure. Though chemical control has been widely used for weed control, choosing herbicides that have less effect on buffalograss's growth while effectively controlling weeds remains large unknowns to be investigate. Based on several relevant domestic and foreign research reports, the safe herbicides usages in buffalograss during different growth periods were concluded in this study. In general, mature buffalograss has good tolerance to many commonly used turfgrass herbicides. Specifically, herbicides as quinclorac, propazine, cyanazine, pyrithiobac, imazethapyr, metsulfuron, sulfentrazone, mesotrione and amicarbazone are preemergent herbicides that are relatively safe at seeding of buffalograss, whereas carfentrazone, quinclorac, clopyralid, dithiopyr, metsulfuron, rimsulfuron, trifloxysulfuron, sulfentrazone, triclopyr, foramsulfuron, simazine, mesotrione and amicarbazone are post-emergent herbicides that are relatively safe at seedling stage of buffalograss. This review provides some guidance and reference for the rational use of herbicides to control weeds when establishing and maintaining buffalograss turf in China.