几种盆栽辣椒生物学特性及性状遗传研究

目的]研究几种盆栽辣椒（Capsicum frutescens L.）的生物学特性及性状遗传状况。方法]选用国外引进的4份珍稀盆栽辣椒（P08-1、P08-2、P08-3、P08-4）为试材,观察它们的生物学特性,分析它们的性状遗传并选育自交系。结果]P08-1、P08-3、P08-4株高分别为15.1、15.1和27.2cm,株幅分别为29.5、29.2和39.6cm;果实颜色变化过程分别是：P08-1由紫色到橙黄色最后到暗红色,P08-3由乳白色到有紫色晕斑到黄色最后到亮红色,P08-4由乳白色到紫色晕斑到黄色最后到亮红色。P08-2株高、株幅均为42.6cm,果实颜色变化过程为由茄紫色到绿色最后到暗红色。P08-1、P08-2和P08-4自交1、2代均未出现性状分离,P08-3自交2代出现果实无紫色晕斑的植株;P08-1、P08-2和P08-4自交2代种子发芽率为100.0%、93.3%、93.3%,P08-3为78.8%。结论]该研究对丰富国内盆栽辣椒种质资源及盆栽辣椒新品种的选育具有积极意义。

Study on Biological Characteristics and Itrinsic Genetic Law of Potted C.frutescens L.

Objective] The research aimed to study the biological characteristics and itrinsic genetic law of potted C.frutescens L..Method] The biological characteristics of imported 4 kinds of C.frutescens L.(P08-1,P08-2,P08-3 and P08-4) were observed,and analyzed their genetics of characters to select the self-bred line.Result] The results showed that P08-1,P08-3 and P08-4 were low C.frutescens L.Plants,and their height were 15.1,15.1 and 27.2 cm respectively,their width were 29.5,29.2 and 39.6 cm respectively.The P08-1's fruit colour changed from purple to orange,finally turned into red,the P08-3's fruit colour changed from milkiness to orange,finally turned into red,and the P08-4 's fruit colour changed from milkiness to orange,finally turned into red.The P08-2's height and width were all 42.6 cm,fruit colour changed from purple to green,finally turned into red.P08-1,P08-2 and P08-4 did not separate out other plant in self-descendants,P08-3 separated out plant which fruit was not purple.P08-1,P08-2 and P08-4 seed germination rate for the second generation were 100.0%,93.3%,93.3% respectively,P08-3's was 78.8%.Conclusion] The study has positive significance to enrich potted C.frutescens L.germ plasm resource and breed its new variety.