不同水平玉米赤霉烯酮对断奶母仔猪血清酶、代谢产物和肠道形态的影响

本试验旨在研究不同水平玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)对断奶母仔猪血清酶、代谢产物和肠道形态的影响。选取28日龄平均体重为(14.01±0.86)kg、健康的三元杂交(杜×长×大)雌性断奶仔猪40头,随机分为4组,每组10头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组、试验2组和试验3组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.5、1.0和1.5 mg/kg ZEA。预试期10 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,各试验组的谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性显著升高(P0.05);试验2组的血清总胆固醇含量显著升高(P0.05);试验3组血清尿素氮和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量显著升高(P0.05),血清总蛋白含量则显著降低(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验组十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度都显著增大(P0.05)。试验1组和试验2组十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著提高(P0.05),空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著降低(P0.05),回肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度值都显著升高(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,试验组十二指肠绒毛高度明显增大且排列疏松无序,小肠腺数量减少,黏膜厚度变薄。4)与对照组相比,试验组空肠绒毛高度增大,小肠腺数量减少,并且试验2组和试验3组空肠上皮脱落固有层裸露。5)与对照组相比,试验1组和试验2组回肠绒毛高度增大且黏膜下层内弥散淋巴细胞增多。由此可见,饲粮中添加ZEA(0.5~1.5 mg/kg)改变了断奶母仔猪的肝脏代谢和肠道的形态结构,进而影响断奶母仔猪的健康生长。

Effects of Different Levels of Zearalenone on Serum Enzymes and Metabolites and Intestinal Morphology of Weaned Gilts

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of zearalenone ( ZEA) on ser-um enzymes and metabolites and intestinal morphology of weaned gilts.Forty healthy weaned gilts ( Duroc × Landrace×Yorkshire) aged 28 days with body weight of ( 14.01 ±0.86 ) kg were randomly allocated into 4 groups (10 replicates per group, 1 pig per replicate).Weaned gilts in the control group were fed a basal diet, and those in the experiment groups 1, 2 and 3 were fed ZEA contaminated diet with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg ZEA supplementation, respectively.The experiment included 10 days pretrial period and then 35 days test peri-od.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, the activities of aspartate aminotrans-ferase , alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase in experimental groups were significantly increased ( P<0.05) , serum total cholesterol content in experimental group 2 was significantly increased ( P<0.05) , and the contents of serum urea nitrogen and high-density lipoprotein in experimental group 3 were significantly in-creased ( P<0.05) , while the serum total protein content was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) .2) Compared with the control group, the villus height and crypt depth of duodenum and jejunum in experimental groups were significantly increased ( P<0.05) .In the experimental groups 1 and 2, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in duodenum was significantly increased (P<0.05), the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in jejunum was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , and the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in jejunum were significantly increased (P<0.05).3) Compared with the control group, the villus height in duodenum of experimental groups was significantly increased, and the arrangement of them were loose and disordered.The number of small intestinal glands was decreased and the mucosal thickness became thinner.4) Compared with the control group, the villus height and the number of small intestinal glands in jejunum of experimental groups was decreased, and the jejunal epithelium of experimental groups 2 and 3 was denuded and the lamina propria was exposed.5) Compared with the control group, the villus height in ileum of experimetal groups 2 and 3 was increased, and the number of diffuse lymphatic cells in the submucosa was increased.Therefore, dietary ZEA (0.5 to 1.5 mg/kg) can change the liver metabolism and intestinal morphology of weaned gilts, thereby affecting the healthy growth of weaned gilts.