复合微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响

本试验旨在研究复合微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响。采用240头(10.0±0.3)kg的断奶仔猪(公母各占1/2),随机分成4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10头猪。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮(含1%吉他霉素和2%抗敌素),Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组分别在基础饲粮中每天每头仔猪添加50、100和150 mL复合微生态制剂。试验预试期5 d,正试期28 d。于试验第1天和第28天仔猪前腔静脉采血,检测血清生化和免疫指标,并分别收集断奶仔猪直肠内容物,检测粪便中挥发性脂肪酸的含量。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,Ⅱ组断奶仔猪平均日增重显著提高了23.53%(P0.05),料重比显著降低了15.86%(P0.05),腹泻率降低了47.16%(P0.05)。2)试验第1天,各组之间血清生化和免疫指标差异不显著(P0.05),试验组断奶仔猪粪便中挥发性脂肪酸的含量高于对照组。3)试验第28天,Ⅱ组断奶仔猪血清中碱性磷酸酶和谷草转氨酶活性高于对照组(P0.05),血清中葡萄糖、总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白含量高于对照组(P0.05),而血清中尿素氮的含量较对照组降低了18.27%(P0.05);与对照组相比,Ⅱ组粪便中乙酸、丙酸和丁酸含量分别增加了21.03%(P0.05)、41.08%(P0.05)和77.84%(P0.05)。由此可见,在饲粮中每天每头猪添加50 mL复合微生态制剂可提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,降低腹泻率,增强机体免疫功能并增加粪便中挥发性脂肪酸的含量。

Effects of Compound Probiotics on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical and Immune Indices and Volatile Fatty Acid Contents in Feces of Weaned Piglets

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of compound probiotics on growth perform-ance, serum biochemical and immune indices and volatile fatty acid contents in feces of weaned piglets.Two hundred and forty weaned piglets (half male and half female) with (10.0±0.3) kg were randomly arranged in-to 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 pigs per replicate.Pigs in groupⅠ( control group) were fed a basal diet ( contained 1% kitasamycin and 2% colistin) , and in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳwere fed the basal diets supplemented with 50, 100 and 150 mL compound probiotics per day per piglet.The experiment lasted for 28 days after 5 days per-experiment.At the first day and the 28th day, the serum samples were collected through precaval vein to measure biochemical immune indices and the rectum content was collected to determine the contents of volatile fatty acids in feces.The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group, the average daily gain of weaned piglets was significantly increased by 23.53%( P<0.05) , the ratio of feed to gain was significantly decreased by 15.86%( P<0.05) , and the diarrhea rate was decreased by 47.16%( P>0.05).2) On the 1st day of the experiment, the serum biochemical and immune indices had no significant difference in all groups ( P>0.05 ) , and the volatile fatty acid contents in feces of piglets in experimental groups were higher than that in control group.3) On the 28th day of the experiment, the activities of alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase and the contents of glucose, total protein, albumin and globulin in serum of piglets in group Ⅱ were higher than that in control group ( P>0.05) , while the urea nitrogen content in group Ⅱ was decreased by 18.27% compared with the control group ( P>0.05) .Compared with the control group, the contents of acetic acid, butyric acid and propionic acid in feces of piglets in group Ⅱ were in-creased by 21.03%( P>0.05) , 41.08%( P>0.05) and 77.84%( P<0.05) , respectively.It can be seen that dietary 50 mL probiotic every day per piglet can improve the growth performance of weaned piglets, reduce the diarrhea rate of piglets, enhance the immune function and increase the contents of volatile fatty acids in feces.