青苔和大叶藻对刺参生长性能及免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在研究青苔和大叶藻对刺参生长性能及免疫指标的影响。试验选取720头平均质量为0.35 g的刺参,随机分为3个组,每个组3个重复,每个重复80头刺参。以青苔、大叶藻和海带为主要藻类蛋白质源,分别制成3种不同配合饲料饲喂刺参,海带组为对照组,青苔组及大叶藻组为试验组。试验期8周。通过评估刺参的生长性能、体壁营养成分、消化酶活性及非特异性免疫指标评价青苔和大叶藻对刺参健康生长的影响。结果表明:青苔组和大叶藻组增重率较对照组分别增加了29.15%和24.13%,饲料系数较对照组降低了10.39%和15.58%,但各组间无显著差异(P0.05);青苔组和大叶藻组刺参脏壁比、肠重比显著低于对照组(P0.05),体壁水分含量显著高与对照组(P0.05);大叶藻组体壁粗灰分含量显著高于青苔组和对照组(P0.05);青苔组和大叶藻组刺参肠道淀粉酶活性显著低于对照组(P0.05);青苔组体腔液谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高于对照组和大叶藻组(P0.05),过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性均高于对照组和大叶藻组,但各组间无显著差异(P0.05);大叶藻组体腔液碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著低于对照组(P0.05),与青苔组无显著差异(P0.05)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,青苔和大叶藻作为饲料原料应用于刺参饲料中是可行的;以生长性能指标为基础,结合抗氧化及非特异性免疫指标,刺参生长效果为青苔组大叶藻组海带组。

Effects of Green Algae and Sargassum on Growth Performance and Immune Indices of Sea Cucumber ( Apostichopus japonicas)

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of green algae and Sargassum on growth per-formance and immune indices of sea cucumber ( Apostichopus japonicas) .A total of 720 sea cucumber with average body weight of 0.35 g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 80 sea cu-cumber per replicate.Use green algae, Sargassum and kelp as the main source of algae protein, made three dif-ferent compound diets to feed the sea cucumber, including the control group ( kelp group) and experiment groups ( green algae group and Sargassum group) .The experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The effects of green al-gae and Sargassum on the healthy growth of sea cucumber were evaluated by assessing the growth perform-ance, body wall nutrient composition, digestive enzymes activities and nonspecific immune indices.The results showed that compared with the control group, the weight gain rate of green algae group and Sargassum group increased by 29.15% and 24.13% , while the feed conversion ratio decreased by 10.39% and 15.58% , and there were no significant difference among all groups ( P>0.05).The ratio of intestine gut weight to body weight and the ratio of viscera to body wall of green algae group and Sargassum group were significantly lower than those of control group ( P<0.05) , but the body wall moisture content of green algae group and Sargassum group were significantly higher than that of control group ( P<0.05) .The body wall crude ash content of Sar-gassum group was significantly higher than that of control group and green algae group ( P<0.05) .The intesti-nal tract amylase activity of green algae group and Sargassum group was significantly lower than that of control group ( P<0.05) .The activity of glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) in coelomic fluid of green algae group was significantly higher than that of control group and Sargassum group ( P<0.05) , while the activities of peroxi-dase activity ( POD) , superoxide dismutase ( SOD) , acid phosphatase ( ACP) of green algae group were sig-nificantly higher than those of control group and Sargassum group ( P>0.05) .The activity of alkaline phospha-tase ( ALP) in coelomic fluid was significantly lower than that of control group ( P<0.05) , but had no signifi-cantly difference with green algae group ( P>0.05) .In conclusion, under the experimental condition, the ap-plication of green algae and Sargassum in diets of sea cucumber is feasible; based on the growth performance and takes into account antioxidant and non-specific immune index, the growth effect for sea cucumber is green algae group >Sargassum group >kelp group.