镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮导致的断奶仔猪肝脏损伤与自然修复研究

本试验旨在研究阶段性饲喂镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮对仔猪血清和肝脏生化指标、抗氧化指标以及肝脏炎性细胞因子白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)mRNA相对表达量的影响。选用体重为(8.45±0.94)kg的35日龄"杜×长×大"雌性仔猪30头,随机分为3组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组持续饲喂基础饲粮,镰刀菌毒素组持续饲喂镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮(玉米赤霉烯酮0.90 mg/kg,呕吐毒素1.43 mg/kg,烟曲霉毒素5.85 mg/kg),自然恢复组在饲喂镰刀菌毒素污染饲粮35 d后,改饲喂基础饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期56 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,镰刀菌毒素组仔猪肝脏相对重量显著升高(P0.05),血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著升高(P0.05),血清总蛋白(TP)和球蛋白(GLB)含量显著降低(P0.05),血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、血清和肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著下降(P0.05),血清和肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P0.05);肝脏炎性细胞因子IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA相对表达量显著升高(P0.05)。2)经21 d自然恢复后,与镰刀菌毒素组相比,自然恢复组仔猪肝脏相对重量有所降低(P0.05),血清AST、ALT和ALP活性显著降低(P0.05),血清TP和GLB含量显著升高(P0.05),血清T-SOD活性显著升高(P0.05),血清和肝脏GSH-Px、肝脏T-SOD活性有所升高(P0.05),血清和肝脏M DA含量显著降低(P0.05),肝脏炎性细胞因子IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P0.05)。由此可见,本试验条件下,长期饲喂镰刀菌毒素能够造成仔猪肝脏损伤,影响肝脏的抗氧化、蛋白质合成和免疫功能,而经过21 d恢复期,仔猪肝脏抗氧化和免疫功能得到了一定程度的改善。

Study on Liver Injury by Fusarium Toxins Contaminated Diet and Liver Natural Restoration of Weaned Gilts

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of staged feeding Fusarium toxin contami-nated diet on serum and liver biochemical and antioxidant indices and relative expressions of liver inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β( IL-1β) and interleukin-6 ( IL-6) mRNA of weaned gilts.A total of 30 Duroc×Land-race×Large White female gilts at 35 days of age with body weight of (8.45±0.94) kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 pig per replicate.Gilts in control group were fed a basal diet continuously and gilts in Fusarium toxins group were fed a Fusarium toxins contaminated diet ( 0.90 mg/kg zearalenone, 1.43 mg/kg vomitoxin, 5.85 mg/kg fumitremorgin) continuously, while gilts in natural recovery group were fed the basal diet instead of the Fusarium toxins contaminated diet after 35 days.The adaptation pe-riod lasted for 7 days and the formal period lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows: 1 ) compared with the control group, the liver relative weight of gilts in Fusarium toxins group was significantly increased ( P<0.05) , the activities of aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) , alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) and alkaline phosphatase ( ALP) in serum were significantly increased ( P<0.05) , while the contents of total protein ( TP) and globulin ( GLB) in serum were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , the activities of glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) in serum and total superoxide dismutase ( T-SOD) in serum and liver were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the serum and liver malondialdehyde ( MDA) contents were significantly increased ( P<0.05), the relative expressions of liver inflammatory cytokines IL-1βand IL-6 mRNA were significantly increased ( P<0.05) .2) After stopping supply of Fusarium toxins contaminated diet for 21 days, compared with the Fusari-um toxins group, the liver relative weight of gilts in natural recovery group was decreased to some extent ( P>0.05) , the activities of AST, ALT and ALP in serum were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , while the con-tents of TP and GLB in serum were significantly increased ( P<0.05) , the serum T-SOD activity was signifi-cantly increased ( P<0.05) , the activities of GSH-Px in serum and liver and T-SOD in liver were increased to some extent (P>0.05), the serum and liver MDA contents were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the rela-tive expressions of liver inflammatory cytokines IL-1βand IL-6 mRNA were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . These results indicated that long term feeding Fusarium toxins can induce liver injuries in gilts, and impact the liver antioxidant, protein synthesis and immunologic functions; after changing for the basal diet for 21 d, the injuries of liver in gilts are improved to a certain extent.