M_(26)中间砧对‘泰山嘎拉’苹果果实品质和味感的影响

为了给‘泰山嘎拉’苹果的优质生产理论和技术提供基本资料,研究探讨了M26中间砧对‘泰山嘎拉’果实品质和味感的影响。结果表明:以八棱海棠为基砧,采用M26中间砧嫁接‘泰山嘎拉’,与未采用M26中间砧嫁接的对照相比,果实单果重由208.06g增加到232.83g,差异极显著,果皮花青苷、可溶性固形物和维生素C含量显著升高,果肉硬度显著增加,但果形指数没有显著性变化;在采用和未采用M26中间砧嫁接的‘泰山嘎拉’果实中均检测到3种糖与6种有机酸组分,其中糖组分均以果糖含量较高,葡萄糖、蔗糖次之,有机酸组分含量均以苹果酸最高,琥珀酸、草酸、乙酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸较低;采用M26中间砧嫁接的‘泰山嘎拉’果实果糖、葡萄糖含量及糖总量显著高于对照,其果实甜味指数绝对值与风味指数值分别为1 759和3 999,也显著高于对照值。上述结果表明,M26中间砧对提高‘泰山嘎拉’的果实品质和味感具有促进作用。

Effect of M26 interstock on fruit qualities and taste of Malus domestica cv .Taishan Gala

Effect of M26 interstock on fruit qualities and taste of Taishan Gala apple was stud-ied to offer the theoretical and technological references for high quality production of the new cultivar .Results showed that compared to fruits of Taishan Gala grafted on M .robusta root-stock directly ,fruit weight on M26 interstock changed at a signi cance level of 1% （from 208.06 g to 232 .83g） .And anthocyanin in peel ,total soluble solid and vitamin C in flesh , and firmer flesh of test cultivar were also improved significantly by inserting M 26 interstock . Three sugars and six acids were detected in fruits of Taishan Gala on both stock types , simultaneously .Fructose was the most dominant sugar ,followed by glucose and sucrose , while malic acid was the principal organic acid ,followed by succinic ,oxalic ,acetic ,citric and tartaric acid in fruits of test cultivars with and without M 26 interstock .The contents of fructose ,glucose and total sugars in fruits of Taishan Gala grafted on interstocks were high-er significantly ,resulting in higher absolute value of sweetness index （1 759） and taste index （3 999） of fruits than those without interstock .These results implied M26 interstock on M . robusta rootstock could improve the fruit qualities and taste of Taishan Gala .