常见菌草食(药)用菌真菌性病原菌鉴定及生物学特性

采用ITS序列对分离到的菌草食(药)用菌中的真菌性病原菌进行鉴定,并研究其生物学特性。结果表明,从食(药)用菌上分离得到的真菌性病原菌主要包括哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)、蜡孔菌(Ceriporia lacerata)、赭曲霉(Aspergillus ochraceus)和侧耳木霉(Trichoderma pleuroticola)。分别对4种病原菌进行生物学特性分析,其中哈茨木霉的最适生长温度为29℃,最适pH值为7,能较好地利用葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、果糖、甘露糖,以及磷酸氢二胺;蜡孔菌最适生长温度为32℃,最适pH值为6,能较好地利用碳源葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、果糖、甘露糖、乳糖,以及氮源酵母膏、牛肉膏和蛋白胨;赭曲霉最适生长温度为26℃,最适pH值为8,能较好地利用碳源蔗糖、麦芽糖、果糖、乳糖、甘露糖,以及氮源酵母膏、牛肉膏和蛋白胨;侧耳木霉最适生长温度为32℃,最适pH值为7,能较好地利用碳源葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、果糖、甘露糖,以及氮源磷酸氢二胺。

Identification and Biological Characteristics of Common Pathogens of JUNCAO Edible and Medicinal Fungi

The ITS sequence was used to identify the pathogens on the isolated JUNCAO edible and medicinal fungi, and the biological characteristics were studied. The results showed that the pathogens isolated from the JUNCAO edible and medicinal fungi mainly include Trichoderma harzianum, Ceriporia lacerata, Aspergillus ochraceus and Trichoderma pleuroticola. The biological characteristics of the 4 pathogens were analyzed respectively. The optimal growth temperature of T. harzianum was 29℃,and the optimal pH value was 7, it could utilize the carbon source glucose, sucrose, maltose, fructose and mannose, as well as the nitrogen source diamine hydrogen phosphate better. The optimal growth temperature of C. lacerata was 32℃, and the optimal pH value was 6, it could utilize the carbon source glucose, sucrose, maltose, fructose, mannose and lactose, as well as the nitrogen source yeast ointment, beef extract and peptone better. The optimal growth temperature and pH value of A. ochraceus were26℃ and 8, respectively, it could utilize the carbon source sucrose, maltose, fructose, lactose and mannose, as well as the nitrogen source yeast extract, beef extract and peptone better. The optimal growth temperature and pH value of T. pleuroticola were 32℃ and 7, respectively, it could utilize the carbon source glucose, sucrose,maltose, fructose and mannose, as well as the nitrogen source dihydrogen phosphate better.