农村土地使用权流转的制约因素及对策研究——基于对重庆开县明水村82户农户的问卷调查

以重庆开县为例,运用问卷调查和统计分析方法,分析农村土地使用权的流转现状及制约因素。结果表明:收入高的家庭发生流转的比例高;文化程度的高低对发生土地流转影响不大;农户对发生土地流转的时间意愿很短;农户发生土地流转后的生活来源主要是外出打工和子女赡养;大部分农户对土地流转的法律法规不了解;发生土地流转的形式主要有转包、出租、转让、互换、入股;确定土地流转关系的方式主要是口头协议;土地流转主要发生在本社和本村内。提出促进农村土地使用权流转的针对性建议:发挥农民的法律主体作用,增强农民的权力意识;搞好农村土地确权、登记、颁证工作;健全与完善农村社会保障体系;推行服务性和责任政府;加强法律、法规建设,加快土地流转市场化。

On Restraining Factors and Countermeasures of Rural Land Use Right Transfer

With Kai County as example, by using questionnaire investigation and statistical analysis method, the rural land use right circula- tion status and restraining factors were analyzed. The results showed that compared with the low-income families, the high-income families are more probable to do land circulation. Education level has little impact on land circulation. Farmers tend to transfer their land with a short time. The farmers, who transfer their land, usually depend on their children. Most farmers know little about the relative laws. The main pat- terns.of land circulation including subcontract, lease, transfer, exchange and admission, however, the most frequent way to determine land circulation is oral contract. Several suggestions for promoting rural land use right transfer were put forward, including play farmers＇ legal main body function, enhance the peasants＇ right consciousness; do well rural land ownership, registration, certification work; perfect rural social security system; advance service and responsibility government; strengthen law, regulation construction, accelerate land marketization.