兔脑炎原虫引起肾上皮凋亡的研究

对 16只具有兔脑炎原虫病的示病症状 ,即出现不同程度的头颈歪邪、震颤、平衡失调和转圈运动等运动障碍症状的獭兔 ,运用原位末端标记技术和基因染色技术 ,着重对病兔肾组织损伤的发生进行了研究。结果表明 :肾远曲小管和集合管是脑炎原虫主要的寄生部位 ,在此常能检出虫体或假囊 ;凋亡的细胞多见于集合小管的上皮细胞。用TUNEL染色 ,不同阶段的凋亡细胞可出现不同的病理形态学变化。初期的凋亡细胞 ,其胞核浓缩 ,胞膜增厚 ,着色较均匀 ;后期的凋亡细胞 ,其胞核的体积明显变小 ,胞浆减少 ,胞膜呈皱襞状 ,紧紧地包绕着皱缩而浓染的细胞核 ,形成典型的凋亡小体。用 P53和 Bcl- 2染色 ,由于基因表达产物的扩散 ,不仅受损细胞的核染色较深 ,而且胞浆染色也较深。研究证明 ,TUNEL 染色是一种检测由脑炎原虫引起肾细胞凋亡的灵敏、可靠的方法 ;P53和 Bcl- 2基因参与了肾细胞的凋亡过程 ;临床上病兔多尿与脱水可能主要与肾远曲小管和集合管的上皮细胞凋亡有关。

Renal Epithelium Apoptosis Caused by Encephalitozoon Cuniculi

Sixteen otter rabbits suffering from encephalitozoonosis,that occurred with the symptoms of wry neck,tremor,dysequilibrium and turning circle,were used in this experiment.The injury changes of renal tissues were mainly studied with staining technique of in situ terminal labeling and genes.The results manifested that the parasitism sites of protozoa were mainly in distal convoluted renal tubule and collecting duct.Protozoa or psudo-cysts were examined in there.The apoptotic cells were often seen in the collecting ducts.With TUNEL staining,the different stage apoptotic cells were examined with corresponding patho-morphologic changes.The early apoptotic cell had a pyknosis with thick nuclear membran and uniform staining.The final one had a smalll nuclei,a little cytoplasm and wrinkle menbrane.The small pyknosis was closely surrounded by wrinkle membrane.Finally,the typical apoptotic body was formed by injury cells.With P~(53) and Bcl-2 staining,the nuclei and cytoplasm of injury cells were stained because of the diffuse of gene products.The results evidenced that TUNEL staining is a sensitive and reliable method for examining apoptotic cells caused by encephalitozoon cuniculi.P~(53) and Bcl-2 genes seemed to be taken part to the process of renal cell apoptosis.The polyuria and dehydration of ill rabbits in clinic were related to renal epithelium apoptosis of distal convoluted renal tubule and collecting duct.