关中塿土发生特性与分类研究进展

塿土是关中地区受人类活动影响深刻的重要农业土壤,而对其发生分类及系统分类的归属仍有较大争议。本文综述了塿土的形成过程和成土过程特点,塿土发生分类归属的变更,系统分类的主要诊断层、诊断特性和诊断现象,高级分类单元归属及空间分布,基层分类单元的主要诊断指标等方面的研究进展。在此基础上,展望了塿土需要进一步开展的研究工作包括3个方面:①深入理解人为影响下塿土的成土过程,定量化分析覆盖层的形成过程;②开展塿土覆盖层厚度调查,界定堆垫表层的厚度标准;③进行土壤普查,建立塿土代表土系。

Review on Genetic Characteristics and Classification of Lou Soil in Guanzhong Area

Lou soil, which is profoundly influenced by the agricultural activities, is an important agricultural soil in the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province, but disputes still exist nowadays on its genetic process and classification in recent years. In this paper, we reviewed the soil formation process and genetic characteristics, summarized the alteration of Lou soil in the genetic classification system in the past years, identified the diagnostic horizons, diagnostic characteristics and diagnostic evidences in Chinese Soil Taxonomy, predicted the spatial distribution of the senior taxon (soil order, suborder, group and subgroup) in the area and established the diagnostic indicators for the basic taxon (soil family and series) in Chinese Soil Taxonomy for Lou soil. Finally, three future research focuses were proposed for the Lou soil: 1) Further understand the influences of human agricultural activities on Lou soil formation process to quantitively understanding the formation process of cumulic epipedon; 2) Study the thickness of the cumulic epipedon to determine the scientific depth criteria of the cumulic epipedon in Chinese Soil Taxonomy; 3) Conduct soil survey to establish the representative soil series of Lou soil.