色彩对城市山地型公园春冬季植物景观视觉质量的影响

文章采用SBE法、色彩量化分析等研究方法,结合实地调查,应用景观美学、色彩构成理论、色彩量化分析等理论对福州市金鸡山公园植物景观质量提升进行研究,研究结果表明:1)金鸡山公园春冬植物景观整体以绿、黄绿色为主,色相种类相对较少,色彩丰富度较低;明度主要集中在N4,N5等级,位于中等水平;纯度主要分布于1~3等级内,植物色彩饱和度较低。2)根据美景度评价法及景观质量等级划分,将金鸡山植物景观分为5个等级,SBE最高最低差值为146.24,差异较大;景观质量较高的景观主色调色系较多且差别较大,绿色色调的斑块与景观色彩面积比较小(最低值仅63.52%),景观质量较差的景观主色调色系较少且差别不大,绿色色调的斑块与景观色彩面积比较大(高于80%),且美景度较高的照片其明度及纯度也较高。3)从色彩频率分析可知,Ⅰ,Ⅱ组主要为绿色系、蓝色系、黄色系及红色系;Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ组多以冷色调的绿色系、灰色系为主。4)应适当增加植物景观主色调色系、控制绿色系色调的比例,多采用邻近色和互补色配置,并注意明度和饱和度变化以提高金鸡山公园植物景观质量。

Influence of Color on Visual Quality of Plant Landscape in Urban Mountain Parks in Spring and Winter

The paper studies the configuration quality improvement for plant landscape in Jinjishan Park of Fuzhou City based on the field investigation by using the SBE and color quantitative analysis and applying the theoretical knowledge of landscape aesthetics,color composition theory and color quantitative analysis. The research results are as follows: 1) In spring and winter,the plant landscape in Jinjishan Park is mainly green and yellow-green,with fewer hue types and lower color richness. The brightness is mainly concentrated in the N4 and N5 grades,which are at the medium level. The purity is mainly distributed in the 1-3 grade,and the plant color saturation is low;2)According to the scenic beauty estimation and the landscape quality classification,the plant landscapes in Jinjishan Park are divided into five grades. The gap between the highest and the lowest SBE value is 146. 24,showing a large variation. The landscapes with higher quality have more colors as the dominant color with larger differences,and the green color and landscape color area are relatively small( the lowest value only at 63. 52%),while those with the poor quality have less colors as the dominant color with little differences and the green color and landscape color area are relatively large( higher than 80%). The photographs with higher SBE values have higher brightness and purity;3) Color frequency analysis shows that Group Ⅰ and Ⅱ are mainly belong to green,blue,yellow and red color system,while Group Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ are mostly cold color system,mainly in green and gray;and 4) It should increase properly the main colors for plant landscapes,control the proportion of the green color,adopt the configuration of adjacent colors and complementary colors,and pay attention to the change of brightness and saturation in order to improve the plant landscape quality in Jinjishan Park.