东南亚与南亚稻属AA基因组种间的遗传多样性差异

选用36对水稻微卫星（SSR）引物，对稻属428份东南亚及南亚AA组种进行遗传多样性分析。试验结果显示选取的SSR标记均具有多态性，多态性位点百分率（P）达100%。36个多态位点共扩增出311个等位基因，每个位点3～17个，平均8.6。Nei基因多样性指数（He）平均为0.650，变幅为0.337（RM455）～0.865（RM169）。东南亚稻属AA组的SSR多样性大于南亚，两地区又以普通野生稻的多样性指数（He）最大。种（类型）间遗传分化东南亚小于南亚，其中以尼瓦拉野生稻与亚洲栽培稻的遗传分化程度最大。特异等位基因的数量、涉及的位点数及频率均表明东南亚及南亚稻属AA组间具有较大的遗传差异，而某些特异位点（如RM161）等位基因所显示的较高频率，则表明该位点较高的鉴别效率。

SSR Analysis on Diversity of AA Genome Oryza Species in the Southeast and the South Asia

Genetic diversity among the AA genome Oryza species in the Southeast and the South Asia were investigated. A total of 428 accessions of the AA genome rice species were genotyped by using 36 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers, which were distributed throughout the rice genome. All of the 36 SSR markers generated polymorphic bands, revealing 100% polymorphism. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 17 with the mean number of 8.6 alleles. The Nei’s genetic diversity index (He) ranged from 0.337 at RM455 to 0.865 at RM169 with an average value of 0.650. The genetic diversity of the AA genome Oryza species in the Southeast Asia was obviously higher than that in the South Asia, in which the He of O. rufipogon was the highest. Higher genetic differentiation (Fst) was detected among the AA genome Oryza species in the Southeast Asia than that in the South Asia. The Fst between O. nivara and O. Sativa was the highest. The results from the number of specific alleles, specific loci, and allele frequency confirmed the greater geretic variation among the species, besides number of specilic alleles, specific loci, and alleles frequency confirmed the greater genetic variation among the species, besides some specific alleles (Rm161) gave higher frequency (0.193), suggesting its important function in identifying the AA genome Oryza species.