广东高州野生稻应用核心种质取样策略

广东省高州野生稻(简称“高野”，下同)具有丰富的遗传多样性，是水稻遗传改良的重要基因库。以217份高野保存材料为对象，结合按居群分类和系统聚类选择的方法，通过多重比较认为20%为最佳取样比例，从中筛选出了43份材料作为应用核心种质。对表型保留比例、表型方差、多样性指数、变异系数、极差符合率、均值符合率、标准差符合率等重要检验指标的分析表明，该应用核心种质很好地代表了总样品的遗传多样性和变异幅度。利用34对SSR引物对应用核心种质进行分析表明，其平均等位基因数为6.879，平均遗传多样性指数达0.656，基因杂合度达0.558，76.7%的材料在遗传背景上不同，且各居群材料相对较为独立。高野应用核心种质的筛选为该资源的高效研究利用奠定了良好的材料基础。

Sampling Strategy for an Applied Core Collection of Gaozhou Wild Rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) in Guangdong, China

There is abundant genetic diversity for the wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) in Gaozhou of Guangdong in China. They are the precious resources for rice genetic improvement. Two hundred and seventeen materials of Gaozhou wild rice were used for this study. An optimal sampling scale of 20% was determined by combining population classification with systematic cluster selection and confirmed by multiple comparisons. Finally, forty three materials were selected as the applied core collection. The analysis of parameters, such as ratio of phenotype retained, variance of phenotype, Shanno-wavear index and coefficient of variation indicated that the applied core collection well represented the total population in genetic diversity and range of variation. The SSR assay with 34 pairs of SSR primers for this core collection showed that the average number of alleles was 6.879, the average genetic diversity index was up to 0.655, gene heterozygosity was 0.558, and 76.7% of materials tested were different in genotypes. This study has laid down a good foundation for effective study and utilization of Gaozhou wild rice.