黑龙江省黑土区不同施肥制度对土壤肥力影响分析

以1980～2006年黑龙江省农科院长期定位试验为平台,比较了不同施肥制度对黑土区土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,有机肥配施化肥可以全面提高黑土区土壤肥力,其中以有机肥+氮钾化肥效果最佳;速效磷受施肥制度影响最大。有机肥+磷化肥提高有机质含量效果最佳;有机肥+氮化肥提高碱解氮含量效果最佳;有机肥+磷钾化肥提高速效磷含量效果最佳;有机肥+氮钾化肥提高速效钾含量效果最佳。在有机肥+氮磷钾化肥处理下,有机质和碱解氮在1980～2006年年纪波动显著;磷钾化肥处理下,速效磷在1980～2006年年纪变化显著;在磷化肥处理下,速效钾在1980～2006年年纪变化显著。

Effect of different fertilization systems on soil fertility in black soil of Heilongjiang Province

Influences of soil fertility in northeast black soil region under different fertilization systems were compared based on the data of long-term experiment of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The results showed that organic manure and chemical fertilizer combined application could overall improve the soil fertility in black soil region,of which organic manure and N,K fertilizer combined application can be displayed to produce best effect;the different fertilization systems influence available phosphorus content.Organic manure and P fertilizer combined application evidently increased the organic matter content in soil;organic manure and P,K fertilizer combined application evidently increased available phosphorus content;organic manure and N fertilizer combined application evidently increased available nitrogen content;organic manure and N,K fertilizer combined application evidently increased the available nitrogen content.In the organic manure and N,P,K fertilizer combined application,the organic matter and available nitrogen from 1980 to 2006 with a significant fluctuation;in the P,K fertilizer combined application,the available phosphorus from 1980 to 2006 changed significantly;in the phosphate fertilizer,available K from 1980 to 2006 changed significantly.