夏棉高产优质栽培措施优化决策及生育模型研究

试验选用播期（x1）、密度（x２）、追纯氮（x3）打顶留果枝数（x4）、去蕾果枝数（x5）五因素五水平二次正交旋转回归设计，对夏棉农艺组合措施、群体动态、成铃分布及产量结构进行研究，通过对建立起皮棉产量、霜前花两个目标性状的回归模型进行分析，结果表明，筛选出兼顾高产、优质的综合农艺措施决策方案是合理的。同时研究了夏棉高产优质的群体生育动态，找出了看苗促控的管理指标及成铃分布状况和产量构成因素相互影响彼此消长的互变关系, 进而模拟出不同产量水平的产量结构，明确了夺取夏棉高产优质的主攻方向，实现夏棉高产优质。达到667m2产皮棉60 kg，霜前籽棉200kg以上的综合农艺措施决策方案为5月20~23日播种，密度7.3~7.5千株，追纯氮11.04~12.0 kg，打顶留果枝数8.4~8.7个，去下部1个果枝的早蕾。

A Simulated Study on Shorter Growing Period Cotton's High Quait Cultivation Optimum Measures and Development

According to the data obtained through quadratic rotated combination design on the basis of “five factors”-sowing date (x1), density (x2), nitrogen fertilizer (x3), keeps the bearing-branch number (x4), bearing-branch number of combs out bud (x5) et al, and “five levels”. By the agronomy measure, colony developments, cotton boll opening situation and the output constitution, the regression model of two objective properties was established, such as ginned cotton output and cotton ripe before frost. The result indicated the comprehensive agronomic is reasonable. Then, high yield and high quality colony developments on the crops were studied. And the management index of cottons’ growing, and change relations between the output factors from the situation of mature bolls’ distribution and the influences were found. Then, different output levels of output composition were simulated. The main directions of attack on gaining yield output have been defined. The optimum cultivation measurements of shorter growing period cotton for high output high economic benefit were that: sowed in may 22-23, density is 7300-7500, N 11.04-12.0 kg, keeps the bearing-branch to count 8.4-8.7, combs the flower bud of lower part bearing-branch.