玉米秸秆蒸汽爆破用于厌氧发酵的技术评价

蒸汽爆破可破坏木质纤维素结构，提高纤维素、半纤维素的转化利用率，是秸秆类物质利用的一种有效预处理方式。作者研究了玉米秸秆蒸汽爆破处理及其厌氧发酵过程中的能量平衡关系，结果表明相同维压时间下蒸汽爆破处理后玉米秸秆厌氧发酵过程中的能源转化率随着压力增大而增大，而在相同压力条件下均在90 s维压时间时得到最大能源转化率。玉米秸秆蒸汽爆破后在常温条件下厌氧发酵的最小和最大能源转化率分别为8.39%和11.68%，是对照组的1.38倍和1.92倍。但对蒸汽爆破玉米秸秆厌氧发酵的增量效益-费用比分析表明，因玉米秸秆蒸汽爆破处理而引起厌氧发酵产气量增加所形成产气的能量增加量小于蒸汽爆破处理所消耗的能量，从能量转换角度来说蒸汽爆破并不是玉米秸秆厌氧发酵的最经济处理方式。

Technology evaluation of steam exploded corn stalk anaerobic fermentation

Steam explosion as an effective pretreatment can separate hemi-cellulose, cellulose and lignin from lignocelluloses such as stalk and wood, and enhance yield of production from lignocelluloses with chemical and biological methods. Energy balance of corn stalk steam explosion and anaerobic fermentation were analyzed based on the experiments in the paper. The energy conversion rate of anaerobic fermentation with steam exploded corn stalk increased with the increasing of steam pressure at the same pressure retention time, and the maximums in the same steam pressure were got at the 90 s pressure retention time in each group. The minimum and maximum energy conversion rates of anaerobic fermentation with steam exploded corn stalk were 8.39% and 11.68% at room temperature, which are 1.38 times and 1.92 times than that of the control. But the analysis of incremental benefit-cost ratio showed the expended energy for steam explosion is greater than the increased additional energy output in anaerobic fermentation with steam exploded corn stalk compared with the control. From this point of view, it is not an economic way for steam explosion method.