原麝与斑羚冬季家域的对比

2006年1月—3月,在黑龙江省通河县龙口林场,利用冬季原麝和斑羚在雪地上留下的活动踪迹,沿其活动的外沿进行跟踪,并用GPS沿途存取地理坐标点信息,所得的数据经过计算机MapSource软件分析后,计算了原麝和斑羚家域的投影面积。同时,利用所测坡度值将投影面积换算成实际的三维面积,即冬季原麝和斑羚的家域范围。研究结果表明:原麝和斑羚家域大小没有显著差别,但是正在哺育幼体的母体占有的家域面积要相对大些;同种个体间不发生家域的重叠现象,但是不同物种的个体间有家域重叠现象;原麝和斑羚的家域形状都不规则,主要取决于当地的复杂地貌和动物对这些复杂地形的利用。根据研究地区冬季动物食物等资源匮乏的问题,为了保护原麝和斑羚等稀有野生动物,建议当地林业局应从严格控制狩猎和薪伐的保护方式向科学管理发展,改善林下植被、限制采山、减少人为干扰,为野生动物提供更好的生存条件。

Comparison of Home Range of Siberian Musk Deer and Goral in Winter

The home range of Siberian musk deer and Goral were investigated and the relationship between goral and Siberian musk deer was analysed by means of GPS technical tracked gorals in Tonghe Forest Farm from January to March in 2006.GPS data were analyzed with MapSource software.The projective areas of the home range of goral and Siberian musk deer were calculated.Then the home range of goral and Siberian musk deer in winter could be obtained by converting the projective area into the actual three-dimensional area according to the measured slope degree.Results show that there is no significant difference in the home range area between Siberian musk deer and goral,but the female in lactation period occupies a little bit bigger home range area.The individuals of the same species do not occupy the same race's,but the home range areas of the individuals of different species are overlapping.The shapes of the home range areas of Siberian musk deer and goral are both irregular,mainly being determined by the complicated landforms and the exploitation of the animals to these complicated landforms.Considering the short resources during the winter at the study region,it is suggested that the local forestry bureau should manage forestry development scientifically,improve the vegetation cover in the forest,provide better existing conditions for the wildlife in order to protect rare wildlife,such as Siberian musk deer and goral.