小麦地方品种的农艺性状和高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成分析

以58份我国南方麦区抗赤霉病小麦地方品种为试验材料进行农艺性状分析,同时利用十二烷基磺酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)方法,分析其高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)的组成,旨在为小麦的遗传改良与育种利用提供依据。结果表明:小麦地方品种植株普遍偏高,有效穗数多数在10个以下,小穗数平均为21.0个,穗粒数平均为44.6粒,部分品种的穗子较长,但千粒重较低,平均为27.5g。SDS-PAGE电泳分析仅出现了2种HMW-GS组合类型,遗传多样性较低。

Analysis of Agronomic Characters and HMW-GS in Landrace of Common Wheat

To provide a scientific basic for the improvement and utilization of wheat landrace resources,the agronomic characters of 58 Chinese wheat landraces with good scab resistance were evaluated,and the high molecular weight glutenin subunit(HMW-GS) were analyzed by SDS-PAGE methods.The results showed that the plant height of most landraces was too high,and the spike number per plant of most landraces was less that ten.The average number of spikelets and grain number per spike were 20.0 and 44.6.The spike length of some materials was longer than 10cm,but the 1000-grain weight were lower,with the mean of 27.5g.Two subunit combinations were observed.The combination "Null,7+8,2+12" had the highest ratio.In addition,the genetic diversity of HMW-GS was relatively low as shown with SDS-PAGE analysis.