典型岩溶流域土地利用变化的水文响应

为了研究土地利用方式变化在典型岩溶流域产生的水文响应,构建了倒天河流域的SWAT模型,利用该模型探讨了不同土地利用情景下流域流量的变化规律和子流域产水量的变化规律及其调蓄能力分析,结果表明:参数率定后的SWAT模型在模拟倒天河流域月流量过程中表现良好,模型适用于该研究区;草地转为耕地会导致流域流量增加,调蓄能力减弱;林地向耕地、草地向耕地转化易改变子流域产水量,草地向林地的转化不易改变子流域产水量;林地向耕地、草地向耕地、草地向林地的土地利用转化均会导致子流域调蓄能力变弱,草地向耕地的转化对调蓄能力的改变尤为显著。研究成果对减轻岩溶区旱涝灾害,防治石漠化有重大意义。

Hydrological Response to Land Use Changes in Typical Karst Basin

In order to study the hydrological response of land use change in the typical Karst Basin,Daotian River SWAT model is constructed.The model is used to discuss the law of flow variation,the change rule of subbasin runoff yield and regulation and storage capacity under different land use situations.Results show that the SWAT model after parameter calibration performs well in simulating the monthly flow of the Daotian River.The conversion of grass land to cultivated land will lead to the increase in flow and the decrease in regulation and storage capacity;the conversion of forest land and grass land to cultivated land can easily change the water yield of subbasin,while the conversion of grass land to forest land cannot easily change the water yield of subbasin;the conversion of forest land to cultivated land,grassland to cultivated land and grassland to forest land will weaken the regulation and storage capacity of subbasin,especially the conversion of grassland to cultivated land.The research results are of great significance for reducing drought and flood disasters and preventing rock desertification in Karst areas.