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Zoonotic aspects of rotaviruses
Authors:V. Martella  Krisztián Bányai  Jelle Matthijnssens  Canio Buonavoglia  Max Ciarlet
Affiliation:1. Department of Veterinary Public Health, University of Bari, Bari, Italy;2. Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary;3. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;4. Vaccine & Biologics Clinical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, North Wales, PA, USA
Abstract:Rotaviruses are important enteric pathogens of humans and animals. Group A rotaviruses (GARVs) account for up to 1 million children deaths each year, chiefly in developing countries and human vaccines are now available in many countries. Rotavirus-associated enteritis is a major problem in livestock animals, notably in young calves and piglets. Early in the epidemiological GARV studies in humans, either sporadic cases or epidemics by atypical, animal-like GARV strains were described. Complete genome sequencing of human and animal GARV strains has revealed a striking genetic heterogeneity in the 11 double stranded RNA segments across different rotavirus strains and has provided evidence for frequent intersections between the evolution of human and animal rotaviruses, as a result of multiple, repeated events of interspecies transmission and subsequent adaptation.
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