不同遗传背景香蕉品种间轮作控制香蕉枯萎病的效果分析

香蕉种质资源丰富,不同香蕉品种对各个枯萎病生理小种的耐受性不同,利用遗传背景差异大、抗性不同的香蕉品种进行轮作可能达到防控香蕉枯萎病的效果.本研究选取华南地区常见的香牙蕉、粉蕉、龙牙蕉、贡蕉等栽培蕉类型作为研究材料,通过对24个香蕉品种的遗传多样性进行分析,结合生产应用,筛选遗传背景不同并且具有一定抗枯萎病的品种,进行...

Effect of Rotation of Banana Varieties with Different Genetic Backgrounds on Controlling Fusarium Wilt

Banana is rich in germplasm resources. Different banana varieties have different tolerance to each physiological race of Fusarium wilt. Using banana varieties with large differences in genetic background and different resistance for rotation may achieve the effect of preventing and controlling banana Fusarium wilt. In this study, the common cultivated banana types in South China were selected as the research materials, including Cavendish (AAA), Pisang Awak (ABB), Silk (AAB), Gongjiao (AA). Combined with production application, the varieties with different genetic backgrounds and Fusarium wilt resistance were screened through the analysis of genetic diversity of 24 banana varieties. Then, the control effect of rotation modes with different genetic background and Fusarium wilt resistance was studied, and the high-efficiency cultivation mode was selected. 29 primer pairs, which could produce distinct and polymorphic bands, were chosen for SRAP analysis. The results showed that its similarity coefficients ranged from 0.1 to 1.0 and thus a bigger genetic distance, and 24 varieties were clustered into 6 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.8, which indicated that SRAP technique could be used as a good tool to study bananas’ genetic relationships, and the analysis results showed that there was a certain genetic differentiation in cavendish (AAA), especially the disease-resistant varieties. Then, five resistant cultivars belonging to different genetic branches, ‘Fenza 1’ (group 1), ‘Haigong’ (group 2), ‘Nongke 1’ (group 5), ‘Kangku 1’ (group 5) and ‘Nantianhuang’ (group 5) were screened out to study the pattern of banana rotation by investigating the number of F. oxysporum in rhizosphere soil and the incidence rate. The statistical results showed that rotated ‘Fenza 1’ ‘Haigong’ ‘Kangku 1’ and ‘Nantianhuang’ on the banana field of continuous cropping ‘Nongke 1’ for one year, the number of F. oxysporum in rhizosphere soil of ‘Fenza 1’ and ‘Haigong’ decreased significantly, while the number of F. oxysporum in rhizosphere soil of ‘Kangku 1’ and ‘Nantianhuang’ decreased but the difference was not significant. The incidence of Fusarium wilt of ‘Nongke 1’ in the rotation treatment group was reduced relative to continuous cropping, and the Fusarium wilt incidence rate of two rotation mode, ‘Nongke 1’ - ‘Fenza 1’ one year - ‘Nongke 1’ one year and ‘Nongke 1’ - ‘Haigong’ one year - ‘Nongke 1’ one year decreased significantly. So reasonable rotation of resistant varieties with different genetic backgrounds can effectively reduce the number of F. oxysporum in soil and the incidence rate of Fusarium wilt of banana, which can achieve the effect of disease prevention.