宁夏灌区节水影响因素及节水途径研究

灌区节水潜力主要取决于节水工程的投入、节水灌溉技术推广应用程度、灌区需水程度、管理水平等因素.节水的主要途径有高效利用浅层地下水、开源与节流并重;衬砌输水渠道、推广田间节水灌溉技术、降低作物的经济需水量;调整作物种植结构、降低灌区结构需水量;改善耕作制度、培育和推广节水抗旱优良品种、覆盖保墒、减少生物耗水量,并加强灌溉管理和调控水价促进节水.只有采取多项综合实用措施,才能达到良好的节水效果.

Study on the Influencing Factors of Water-saving and Water-saving measures in Ningxia Irrigation Area

The potential for water-saving depends on project investment, popularization degree of the water-saving irrigation technique, water re- quirement level, management level and other factors. The main ways of saving Water are ： efficient utilization of phreatic water, source and reduce equal value ; lining charred, promotion of water saving irrigation technique in field, reduced crop economic water demand; adjustment of crop planting structure, decrease irrigation district structure water demand; improve farming system, cultivation and promotion of water-saving and drought resistance varieties, mulching and preservating soil moisture, reduce the biological water consumption, and strengthen the irrigation man- agement and control of water prices to promote water saving. Only through comprehensive practical measures can achieve good water-saving effect.