聚丙烯酰胺型保水剂对土壤水分及秋糯玉米生长的效应

通过探讨PAM保水剂在伏秋干旱条件下对糯玉米土壤的保水效应，可为玉米高产优质栽培管理提供理论依据。以‘沪玉糯3号’鲜食糯玉米为试验材料，采用拌种、沟施与穴施PAM方式，研究了PAM保水剂不同施用量及施用方式对土壤水分及鲜食糯玉米生长、产量的效应。结果表明：0~40 cm土层PAM保水剂处理的土壤含水量总体高于对照并随保水剂用量的增加而增加，5个处理中，以沟施60 kg/hm2 PAM保水剂处理的保水、增产效果最好；30 kg/hm2 PAM保水剂不同施用方式条件下，穴施好于沟施，但两者产量差异性不显著。由此得出，施用PAM保水剂可以提高土壤的含水率和促进作物生长，并改善玉米的产量构成因子，从而提高鲜棒产量和地上鲜生物量。

Effects of Super Absorbent Polymers Polyacrylamide on Soil Moisture and Autumn Waxy Corn Growth

Effects of water-keeping from super absorbent polymer PAM in hilly red soil upland were studied under the condition of dry autumn in order to provide a theoretical basis for high-yield and good-quality of waxy corn. The research took ＇Huyunuo 3＇ fresh-eating waxy corn as experimental material with seed dressing, furrowing and holing to study the effects of super absorbent polymer PAM different application amount and methods on the growth. The results indicated with the super absorbent polymer PAM increasing in soil super absorbent polymer PAM furrowing application had 30 kg/hm2 PAM under different conditions of application, that, the soil moisture content in 0-40 cm heightened layer. Among 5 treatments, the treatment of 60 kg/hm2 the best water-retaining and yield-increasing effects; the effects of holing treatment were better than that of furrowing treatment, but the difference was not significant. On the whole, the PAM application could enhance corn fresh corncob yield and above ground biomass through increasing the moisture content of soil, and improving the yield components of corn.