不同生育期水分胁迫对烤烟生长发育及化学品质的影响

采用防雨控水试验,研究了不同生育期水分胁迫对烤烟生长发育及化学品质的影响。结果表明,在烤烟生长发育的各个阶段,随土壤相对含水量升高,烟株的株高和叶面积明显增大。土壤干旱或水分过多,根系体积、根系表面积、根系活力下降,最适宜的土壤相对含水量在烤烟生长的团棵期、旺长期、现蕾期、成熟期分别为65%、80%、80%、65%。在烤烟成熟期,不同水分处理的中部叶和上部叶蛋白质、烟碱、总氮的含量增加;总糖、还原糖的含量降低,而且土壤干旱要比水分过多时下降的多,这使得烟叶的品质降低;糖碱、氮碱比、施木克值以轻度干旱(65%处理)较合理。

Effect of water stress on growth and chemical quality during the different growth period of flue-cured tobacco

Rainproof and water controlling was studied for the research on effect of water stress on growth and chemical quality during the different growth period of flue-cured tobacco.The result indicated that,during each stage of flue-cured tobacco growth,the height and leaf area of tobacco increased obviously along with the elevation of the soil relative water content.The soil was dry or the water was excessive,the root system volume,the root system surface area and the root system vigor will all drop,the most suitable relative water of soil in the resettling stage,vigorous growing stage,budding stage and mature stage respectively were 65%,80%,80%,65%.In the mature period of flue-cured tobacco,under the different water processing condition,protein in the middle and the upside leaf,the smoke alkali and the total nitrogen increased.The total sugar,the reducing sugar reduced.Moreover,it reduced when the soil was drought more than when the water was excessive,which caused the quality of tobacco leaf to reduce;the sugar alkali,NIT/NIC and SUR/NIT of flue-cured tobacco was more reasonable when it was processed by mild drought(65% processed).