西瓜皮废弃物堆肥特性及腐熟度评价

以西瓜皮为原料,采用自然堆肥和人工堆肥,全面考察堆肥过程中与腐熟度有关的理化指标和生物学指标的变化,同时采用白菜种子发芽指数(GI)评价堆肥的腐熟度。结果表明:在堆肥熟化期内,堆肥堆体先升温后下降,55℃以上高温持续时间达5 d;pH值先减小后增大;含水率和C/N持续下降,C/N在30 d时达到16左右;总氮和总磷含量大体呈上升趋势;种子发芽指数指标先下降后不断升高。在自然堆肥过程中,GI与C/N呈极显著负相关,相关系数为-0.977;在人工堆肥过程中,GI与含水率和C/N呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.967和-0.933,而与总磷和总氮呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.888和0.876。

Characteristics of watermeion peel waste composting and evaluation of maturity

Adopting natural and artificial composting treatment,watermeion peel waste composing were studied to determine the variation of maturity indexes of the composting,including physical,chemical and biological indexes,meanwhile,cabbage seed germination index(GI) was adopted to evaluate the maturity.The results indicated that: during one month’s composting,the temperature had a rise followed by a drop,and lasted for more than 5 d over 55℃;the pH value first decreased and then increased;the moisture content and C/N ratio kept declining,and the C/N ratio was close to 16 after 30 d;total nitrogen and total phosphorus mainly presented a trend of rising;the germination index had experienced from decrease to increase.In natural composting,GI was significantly negatively correlated with C/N,reaching-0.977;in artificial composting,GI were significantly negatively correlated with the moisture content and C/N,reaching-0.967 and-0.933 respectively,while GI were significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus and total nitrogen,reaching 0.888 and 0.876 respectively.