犬细小病毒病免疫预防研究进展

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒（Canine parvovirus，CPV）引起的一种高度接触性传染病，发病犬临床表现为严重的出血性肠炎和心肌炎综合征。本病全年均有发生，但相对集中在2月～6月份，2月龄～4月龄幼犬易感性最强。病毒主要随污染的饲料、饮水经消化道进入机体引起发病。有些病犬康复后，仍可长期通过粪便排毒，成为本病的重要隐性传染源。一旦发生CPV感染，除早期应用抗血清及对症疗法有效外，无其他特效疗法，中晚期病例多预后不良，因此，必须依靠免疫预防控制该病的发生。本病的预防办法主要是定期进行免疫接种，接种途径主要是肌肉注射。免疫预防要取得满意效果，平时就必须严格执行防疫措施，但免疫的程序与时机等因素都会影响免疫效果。文章就以上内容对犬细小病毒感染免疫预防研究进展做了综述。

Progress on Immune Prevention of Canine Parvovirus Infection

The canine parvovirus infection is an acute and highly contagious disease caused by canine parvovirus(CPV).The clinical symptom is the serious issue of blood enteritis and myocarditis.This disease occurs in a whole year,but main concentration in 2~6 months,and particularly seriously endangers to the 2-4 month-old puppys.The CPV in food and water infect heathy dogs through the enteron.Some sick dogs recovered from illness still can infect heathy dogs through the excrement in a long period of time,and that way is an important recessive infection source of this disease.Once CPV infection occurs,the prognosis of the patient in middle and terminal stage is bad,while the patient promptly treated with antiserum and allopathy in the early stage can be cured,without other specific treatment.Therefore,the control of CPV infection should rely on immune prevention.The prevention way of this disease periodically carries on vaccination,and the vaccination path mainly is to inject through muscle.If the immune prevention wants to obtain satisfied result,the daily work has to strictly carry out the epidemic prevention measure,but some factors such as procedure and opportune time all will influence immune result.This paper reviewed the progress on immune prevention of the canine parvovirus infection about above contents.