辽宁朝阳石刀演变的考古学考察

辽宁朝阳红山文化时期的石刀以半月形直背弧刃石刀和梭形石刀为主;到了夏家店下层文化时期除了沿用半月形石刀和梭形石刀外,又出现了长方形、三棱形和异形石刀,石刀种类趋于多样化,这个时期半月形石刀不见红山文化时期的直背弧刃石刀,而被弧背直刃半月形石刀所代替;到了夏家店上层文化时期,仅见半月形石刀,而且样式增多:既包括夏家店下层文化时期的弧背直刃式,又出现了弧背凸弧刃或弧背斜刃石刀新类型,唯独不见红山时期的直背弧刃石刀。半月形石刀使用时间从红山文化时期一直到夏家店上层文化,使用时间延续2000多年;另,半月形石刀、长方形石刀出现时间可能早到距今8000年的查海——兴隆洼文化时期。

Archaeological Investigation on the Evolution of Chaoyang Stone Knife in Liaoning Province

The stone knives of Hongshan culture period in Chaoyang, Liaoning Province were mainly semi-moon-shaped straight back arc-shaped stone knives and shuttle-shaped stone knives. In Xiajiadian lower culture period, in addition to semi-moon-shaped stone knives and shuttle-shaped stone knives, there were rectangular, triangular and special-shaped stone knives, and the types of stone knives tended to be diversified. In this period, the straight back arc-shaped stone knives of Hongshan culture period were not seen, but were replaced by arc-shaped straight-edged stone knives. In the upper culture period of Xiajiadian, only half moon-shaped stone knives were found, and their styles increased including the arc back straight blade type in the lower culture period of Xiajiadian, as well as the new type of arc back convex arc blade or arc anticline blade, except the straight back arc blade type in Hongshan period. The semi-moon-shaped stone knives had been used for more than 2000 years from the Hongshan culture period to the upper culture of Xiajiadian. In addition, the semi-moonshaped stone knives and rectangular stone knives may have appeared as early as the Chahai Xinglongwa culture period 8000 years ago.