‘四字号'玉米杂交种遗传基础评析

'四字号'玉米杂交种的选育、推广为吉林省、黑龙江省及内蒙古部分地区的玉米品种更换、产量的提高起了重要作用。通过对育成推广的'四字号'玉米杂交种的分析得出：其遗传基础来源于Lancaster、系14、唐四平头、Reid Yellow Dent、旅大红骨、吉63种质及一些农家品种的改良系。其中20世纪80年代以Lancaster(Mo17和自330两个亚群)、唐四平头、系14和吉63为主；90年代，Reid和旅大红骨系统的应用呈上升趋势，Lancaster和唐四平头类群的应用下降，而系14和吉63已不再应用。还明显看出：92％以上的杂交种都是内外相结合的产物。'四字号'玉米杂交种和自交系的育成对东北两一区的玉米生产发挥了重要作用，获得了极显著的经济效益。

Review and Analysis on Heredity Basis ‘Sizi’ System Corn Hybrids

According to analysis on Sizi system corn hybrids which were developed since 1980s, their parents resources were Lancaster, Xi14, Tangsipingtou, Reid Yellow Dent, Ludahongguzi, Ji63 and other inbred lines derived from local germplasms. Among them, the main germplasms were Lancaster, Tangsipingtou, Xi14 and Ji63 in the 1980s, in the 1990s the ratio of Reid and Ludahongguzi increased, the ratio of Lancaster and Tangsipingtou, and Xi14 and Ji63 were scarcely applied. The breeding and extension of Sizi system corn hybrids and inbred lines have made great contributions to maize production in Jilin province, Heilongjiang province and Inner Mongolia autonomous region, and abtained great economic results.