刺参种群同工酶的生化遗传分析

采用同工酶电泳方法，以中国北方沿海天然及养殖刺参Stichopus japonicus Selenka为研究对象，进行了群体生化遗传学研究。对刺参3种组织(肠、体壁、呼吸树)的9种同工酶(MDH、EST、SOD、CAT、ME、ACP、ALP、ADH及LDH)的表达情况和群体的生化遗传结构进行了分析，共记录了8个基因座位，其中7个为多态座位，多态座位比例为87．5％，表现出很高的遗传多样性。CAT、MDH、SOD和EST同工酶是分析刺参种群生化遗传结构的有效遗传标记，其酶谱及其生化遗传分析为刺参群体遗传学研究提供了可靠的基础资料。

The biochemical genetics of Stichopus japonnicus Selenka population

Levels of genetic variation in the sea cucumber, Stichopus japonius , were determined by vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and compared with 6 population (including 5 natural stocks and 1 cultured stock) from coastal water of the northern China. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to detect expression of isozymes in the intestines, body walls, respiratory trees. MDH (Malate dehydrogenase), EST(Esterase), SOD(Superoxide dismutase), CAT (Catalase), ME(Madic enzyme), ACP(Acid phosphatase), ALP(Alkaline phosphatase), ADH(Alcohol dehydrogenase), LDH(Lactate dehydrogenase) were determined, and the enzymatic activity in SOD, CAT, MDH and EST was shown to be coded by 8 gene loci, namely, Sod, Cat, Mdh-1, Mdh-2, Est-1, Est-2, Est-3, and Est-4, seven loci being polymorphic with the mean proportions of 87.5%. It was shown that high genetic variation has been maintained in Stichopus japonicus , and CAT,MDH,SOD and EST could be effective genetic markers to analyze the biochemical genetic structure of Stichopus japonicus . The basic map and biochemical genetic analysis provide basic data for understanding the genetics of Stichopus japonicus population.