跨式油茶果收获机履带底盘行走液压系统设计与试验

跨式油茶果收获机在丘陵山地作业时需要较大的牵引力,且要求行走平稳。本文基于机液联合仿真技术对跨式油茶果收获机底盘行走液压系统进行设计,以达到动力匹配及行走性能较优的目的。在RecurDyn软件中建立了跨式收获机履带底盘虚拟样机模型,采用谐波叠加法构建了B级路面谱,仿真分析了跨式履带底盘直线行驶和差速转向的动力学特性。通过AMESim与RecurDyn软件对收获机行走系统进行机液联合仿真,研究底盘在直线行驶与差速转向工况时行走马达液压特性。研制了全液压驱动的跨式油茶果收获机,进行了地面直线行驶与差速转向测试,结果表明：底盘直线行驶偏移率为1.7%;直线行驶时,行走马达流量稳定在23 L/min,压力稳定在1.5 MPa;差速转向时,行走马达流量稳定在22 L/min,压力在2～12 MPa范围内波动,验证了跨式履带底盘行走液压系统的稳定性。

Design and Experiment of Hydraulic System for Crawler Chassis of Straddle Type Camellia oleifera Fruit Harvester

Aiming at the problem of walking power and stability of the straddle Camellia oleifera fruit harvester, a set of chassis walking hydraulic system of the straddle Camellia oleifera fruit harvester with better power matching and walking performance was designed based on the mechanical-hydraulic co-simulation technology. The virtual prototype model of the straddle type crawler chassis was established in RecurDyn software, and the B-level road spectrum was constructed by using the harmonic superposition method. The dynamic characteristics of the crawler chassis in straight-line driving and differential steering were simulated and analyzed. The mechanical and hydraulic co-simulation of the traveling system of the crawler chassis was carried out to study the hydraulic characteristics of the traveling motor under straight-line driving and differential steering conditions by AMESim and RecurDyn software. A straddle type Camellia oleifera fruit harvester driven by four-wheel triangular crawler was manufactured, and the straight-line driving and differential steering tests on road were carried out. The deviation rate of the chassis straight-line driving was 1.7%. The flow rate of the traveling motor was stable at 23L/min and the pressure was stable at 1.5MPa when traveling along a straight line. The flow rate of the traveling motor was stable at 22L/min, and the pressure was fluctuated within the range of 2~12MPa during differential steering test. The results verified the stability of the traveling hydraulic system of the straddle type crawler chassis.