旱地小麦定量化栽培效应的初步研究

采用五元二次正交回归旋转设计试验,对黄土高原旱地小麦进行了多因素多指标的定量化综合研究.以二年田间试验的数据结果为依据,应用微机建立数学模型,解析各因素作用的量化强度,并选出生产上成套的高产组合方案.研究表明,在旱地小麦生产中,不仅要重视氮磷肥和有机肥的配合,还应讲究其量比的协调.正常年份下氮肥增产的潜力较大,应稳住磷肥增施氮肥;干旱年份氮肥用量过高明显造成减产,应稳住氮肥增施磷肥.以播期播量调节群体,以有机无机互调肥效,提高水份利用率是当前旱地小麦生产的可行途径.

A Preliminary Study on the Effect of Quantitative Cultivation for the Production of Dryland Wheat

A Multi-Quadric orthogonal rotational regression design is used in the quantitative synthetic multi-factor and multi index study of dryland wheat production in Loess Plateau. Based on the data of field experiments in two years, mathematical models are developed by using a mini - computer . The quantitative intensities of each factor with respect to its multi - objective functional indices are expiated by mathematical analysis and the best combination of whole set measures for high yeilding is selected by simulation . Experiment result proves that not only the mixed application of nitrogen , phosphorous and farm manure( FM) is necessary, but also the optimum ratio of these nutients is important to fulfill the desired yield in dryland wheat . Nitrogen fertilizer has greater potential for increasing yield in normal rainfall years , so while keeping the usual application of phosphates , nitrogen should be increased; while in drought years , yield will be decreased with over-application of nitrogen fertilizers . Therefore, with the normal amount of nitrogen, addtional application of phosphorous is required. It is concluded that under present conditions an feasible way for improving wheat yield in dryland is a combination of optimum population with optimum seeding date and rate, increasing the fertilizing efficiency by using inorganic fertilizers and FM, and improving water utilization.