5种生物制剂对设施蔬菜根结线虫防治技术研究

蔬菜根结线虫已成为内蒙古赤峰市设施蔬菜园区的主要病害,对黄瓜和番茄造成严重的产量损失,为了筛选高效、安全的生物杀菌剂,2011-2012年在赤峰市松山区设施蔬菜园区进行了5种不同生物杀菌剂对设施黄瓜和番茄根结线虫防治的田间试验,在黄瓜和番茄定植时用100亿cfu/g厚孢轮枝菌粉剂0.2kg/667m2撒施,2%阿维菌素+多聚糖乳油3 000倍稀释液灌根处理,0.2亿cfu/g淡紫拟青霉颗粒剂5kg/667m2撒施,10亿cfu/mL蜡质芽胞杆菌水剂6L/667m2灌根,1.8%阿维菌素乳油500倍稀释液灌根,设4次重复,并设空白对照。定植20d后再用同样的浓度和方法处理一次,结果表明:5种生物杀菌剂对黄瓜和番茄根结线虫的防治效果为20%~60%,10亿cfu/mL蜡质芽胞杆菌水剂效果最好,达到56.3%,同时可以提高黄瓜和番茄的商品性,适于在设施蔬菜上推广使用。

The control effect of five biological agents to the vegetable root-knot nematodes in greenhouse

Paecilomyces lilacinus and Verticillium chlamydosporium are important biological agents on plant pathogenic nematodes. In order to examine their effect on Angelica sinensis growth and against Ditylenchus destructor, we conducted field efficacy trails in this study. The results showed that 2 biocides had good effect on A. sinensis growth, including emerge of seedlings, plant height, leaves numbers and canopy width, and also showed good control efficacy against D. destructor. P.lilacinus GR with dose of 41.25 kg/hm2 had the best control effect with the efficacy of 63.43%, significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of the other treatments. Two biocides could also increase the yields of A. sinensis by the rate of 25.78%-63.01%, P. lilacinus GR with dose of 45.00 kg/hm2 was the best one, next was V. chlamydosporium MG with dose of 33.75 kg/hm2. Compared with the control, 2 biocides treatments could obviously increase the proportion of top grade A. sinensis. P. lilacinus GR with dose of 41.25 and 45.00 kg/hm2 and V. chlamydosporium MG with dose of 33.75 kg/hm2 demonstrated good control efficacy against D. destructor and increased the yields of A. sinensis, which could be applied in practice.