梨叶部病害与梨叶早衰脱落相关性分析

为明确南方梨产区造成梨早衰落叶的原因,本研究对梨叶部病害的发生与早期落叶间的关系进行了调查分析。结果显示:4种叶部病害(梨斑点病、褐斑病、黑斑病和黄脉病)中,除黄脉病外,不同年份间其余3种病害的发生程度与早期落叶率均呈显著正相关;不同品种、果园和时段间这3种病害均呈极显著正相关;7-9月间梨早衰脱落叶片斑点病发病率均达到100%,显著高于其他3种病害;病害防控对减少梨叶部病害发生和降低早期落叶率具有同效性,由此认为防治以斑点病为重点的叶部病害,是控制梨树落叶早衰问题的关键。

Correlation analysis between pear leaf diseases and early-senescence and defoliation

To find the reason of pear leaf early senescence and defoliation in southern pear producing areas in China, the relationship between the diseases in pear leaves and incidences of leaf early defoliation were investigated and analyzed in this study. The results showed that the correlations between the indexes of three main leaf diseases, including pear spot disease, brown patch and black spot, and the incidences of leaf early senescence and defoliation were significantly positive in different years except the pear vein yellow. Also, there were highly positive significant correlations between the indexes of the three diseases and the incidences of defoliation among different varieties, orchards and time intervals. And the incidences of pear spot disease in the fresh deciduous leaves were 100% during July to September, significantly higher than those of the other diseases. The prevention and control technologies of pear leaf diseases demonstrated the same effects on the leaf early senescence and defoliation. Therefore, the prevention and control of pear leaf diseases especially the pear spot disease were the key point for controlling pear leaf early senescence and defoliation.