Water relations and morphological development of bare-root jack pine and white spruce seedlings: seedling establishment on a boreal cut-over site |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China;2. School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia;1. Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Geosystem Sciences, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;3. Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34132, Republic of Korea;4. Groundwater & Geological Technology Department, Korea Rural Community Corporation, Suwon 16346, Republic of Korea;1. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0355, United States;1. Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk, Poland;2. Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69518 Vaulx-en- Velin, France;3. University of California Riverside, CA, USA;1. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada;2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;3. Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;1. Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden;2. Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co, Box 3091, 169 03 Solna, Sweden;3. DHI Sweden AB, Svartmangatan 18, SE-111 29 Stockholm, Sweden;4. Department of Physical Geography and the Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;5. Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Bare-root jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings were planted on a boreal cut-over site and subsequent growth and seedling water relation patterns were monitored over the first growing season. Comparison of morphological development between white spruce and jack pine showed jack pine seedlings had greater new root development and a lower new shoot/new root ratio, while white spruce seedlings had greater new shoot development. Seasonal water relation patterns showed white spruce seedlings to have a greater decrease in xylem pressure potential (x) per unit increase in transpirational flux density in comparison to jack pine seedlings. These results suggest that the greater resistance to water flow through the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum in white spruce seedlings compared to jack pine seedlings may be due to the relative lack of new root development in white spruce. Stomatal response of the seedlings showed that as absolute humidity deficit between the needles and air (AHD) increased, needle conductance (gwv) decreased in both species, but at low AHD levels white spruce had gwv approximately 35% higher than jack pine. For white spruce seedlings, gwv decreased as x became more negative in a predictable curvilinear manner, while gwv of jack pine seedlings responded to x with a threshold closure phenomenon at approximately - 1.75 MPa. Tissue water potential components for jack pine and white spruce seedlings at the beginning and end of the growing season showed jack pine to reach turgor loss at 76% relative water content while white spruce reached turgor loss at 88% relative water content. White spruce seedlings showed osmotic adjustment over the growing season, with an osmotic potential at turgor loss of - 1.27 MPa and - 1.92 MPa at the beginning and end of the growing season, respectively. Jack pine did not show any osmotic adjustment over the growing season. The implication of morphological development on water relation patterns are discussed with reference to successful seedling establishment. |
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