7种特种动物纤维的性质·特点和微观结构观察（摘要）

目的]研究绵羊毛与特种动物纤维的性质、特点及其超微结构。方法]以绵羊毛、山羊绒、羊驼毛、骆驼毛、兔毛、马海毛、牦牛毛为试验材料,利用扫描电镜法观察其鳞片结构。结果]绵羊毛翘角大,平均值为33.2,鳞片密度在16.2～34.9个/mm,鳞片平均高度为12.95μm,平均厚度为0.63μm;山羊绒翘角较羊毛小,平均值为20.6,鳞片密度在10.3～15.6个/mm,鳞片间距大,平均高度为16.09μm,平均厚度为0.46μm;羊驼毛翘角平均值为34.6,鳞片平均高度为5.85μm,平均厚度为0.33μm;骆驼毛翘角平均值为33.5,鳞片平均高度为11.30μm,平均厚度为0.37μm;兔毛翘角平均值为31.2,鳞片平均高度为7.03μm,平均厚度为0.36μm;海毛翘角介于羊毛和羊绒之间,平均值为23.7,鳞片密度也介于羊毛和羊绒之间,鳞片平均高度为15.82μm,平均厚度为0.61μm;牦牛毛翘角平均值为33.2,鳞片平均高度为9.08μm,平均厚度为0.46μm。结论]该研究结果为鉴别不同纤维种类奠定了基础。

Nature, Characteristics and Uitrastructure Observation of Fibers of Seven Kinds of Special Animals

Objective]Aimed to study the nature,characteristics and ultrastructure of fibers of Ovis aries and several kinds of special animals.Method]Wool,cashmere,alpaca,Bactrian camel hairs,rabbit hair,mohair and yak hair were used as the experimental materials,and scanning electron microscopy was used to observe their scale structure.Result]The rake angle of wool was large with an average of 33.2°,the scale density was 16.2-34.9 scales/mm,the average height of scale was 12.95 μm,and the average thickness was 0.63 μm;the rake angle of cashmere was smaller than wool with an average of 20.6°,the scale density was of 10.3-15.6 scales/mm,the scale distance was large,the average height of scale was 16.09 μm,and the average thickness was 0.46 μm;the average rake angle of alpaca was 34.6°,with the average scale height of 5.85 μm,and average thickness of 0.33 μm;the average rake angle of camel hair was 33.5°,with the average scale height of 11.30 μm and average thickness of 0.37 μm;the average rake angle of rabbit hair was 31.2°,with average scale height of 7.03 μm and average thickness of 0.36 μm;the rake angle value of mohair was between wool and cashmere,and the average of which was 23.7°,the scale density value was also between the wool and cashmere,with the average scale height of 15.82 μm and average thickness of 0.61 μm;the average rake angle yak hair was 33.2°,with the average height of 9.08 μm and average thickness of 0.46 μm.Conclusion]The results of this study could provide a basis for the identification of different fiber types.