不同生长年限栽培甘草与野生甘草光合特性对比研究

对不同生长年限栽培甘草与野生甘草光合特性的研究结果表明,野生甘草的净光合速率高于栽培甘草,栽培甘草的净光合速率以及表观量子效率随着种植时间的延长而增加,光能利用能力增强.野生甘草比栽培甘草更有效地利用土壤水分,3年生栽培甘草的水分利用效率最接近野生甘草.不同生长年限栽培甘草和野生甘草的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度的日变化规律性明显.2～3年栽培甘草和野生甘草在7:00-16:00较强光照条件下保持较高的净光合速率、蒸腾速率;气孔导度的波动与净光合速率基本同步;胞间CO2浓度日变化规律一致,但1年生栽培甘草具有较高的胞间CO2浓度,且波动幅度较小.3年生栽培甘草与野生甘草的各项光合特性指标均较接近,受强光的抑制作用不明显,可见3年生栽培甘草已经适应了草原上较强的长日照,具有较强的光合作用能力.

Comparative study on the photosynthetic characteristics between the cultivated Glycyrrhiza uralensis with different age limits and the wild G.uralensis

s: This study investigated the differences in photosynthetic characteristics between both cultivated liquorice of different ages and that of wild liquorice. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of wild liquorice was higher than that of the cultivated liquorices. Net photosynthetic rates, apparent quantum yield and light utilization capability of cultivated liquorices increased with age. Wild liquorice had a higher water use efficiency than the cultivated liquorices, followed by the cultivated liquorice aged 3 years. The regularities of diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductivity and intercellular CO_2 concentration of the cultivated liquorices with different age limits and that of the wild liquorice were obvious. Between 7:00 and 16:00, cultivated liquorice of 2-3 years and wild liquorice maintained higher net photosynthetic and transpiration rates under strong irradiation than the other treatments studied. Their variations in stomatal conductivity coincided with that of net photosynthetic rate. The regularity of diurnal changes in intercellular CO_2 concentration of wild liquorice coincided with that of cultivated liquorices of 2-3 years, but the intercellular CO_2 concentration of cultivated liquorice of 1 year was higher and had a minor fluctuation in amplitude. Some parameters of photosynthetic characteristics of cultivated liquorice of 3 years were similar to that shown by wild liquorice, and were not restrained by strong irradiation. The cultivated liquorice of 3 years had adapted to a strong and long duration of illumination on the prairie and had a strong photosynthetic capability.