锥栗种子萌发和贮藏特性的初步研究

该文采用常规方法对锥栗种子的形态特征、萌发和贮藏的生理生态特性进行初步研究.结果表明:锥栗种子千粒重和体积大，不易传播.种子在10～40℃均能萌发，萌发的适宜温度是20～35℃和室温（18～32℃）, 萌发时不需光.种子萌发无休眠，不耐脱水，属于顽拗性种子.在4℃时保湿贮藏半年，发芽率仍可达60%以上，采用室温湿沙贮藏半年，发芽率也可达40%以上，零上低温保湿贮藏是种子贮藏的理想方法.埋土种子的最终萌发率和成苗率均高于土壤表面的种子.种子在成熟、脱落和扩散过程中，由于遭受鼠、虫等动物危害，大部分已受损伤而丧失发芽率，在自然条件下种子很少萌发和成苗. 

Eco-physiological characteristics of germination and storage of Castanopsis chinensis seeds

The morphological traits and eco physiological characteristics of germination and storage of Castanopsis chinensis seeds were investigated by widely used methods. The results show that: 1) the seeds can be dispersed only over short distances from the parent plants due their big size and heavy 1 000-grain-weight; 2) the seeds can germinate in a wide range of temperatures from 10 to 40℃; the suitable temperature is 20-35℃ and ambient temperature 18-32℃, their germination does not require light; 3) the seeds have no dormancy and have weak desiccation tolerance, so the seeds belong to recalcitrant seeds. The germination percentage of the seeds of this plant can reach over 60% after wet storage for six months at 4℃ and 40% after wet storage for six months at ambient temperature.The ideal method to preserve the seeds is with wet storage at a low temperature above 0℃. The final germination percentage and seedling survival rate of seeds buried in soil are higher than those of seeds found at the soil surface. Most of the seeds lose their germinability because of damage by rats, insects and other animals during the process of development, shedding and dispersal, which results in poor field seed germination and seedling survival. 